Kaarten: IGCSE Geography Theme 1: Population and Settlements | Quizlet

Population density

Number of individuals per unit area

Population distribution

A description of how individuals are distributed with respect to one another

Settlement

Is a place where people live. Can be temporary or permanent

Type of settlement

dispersed, linear, nucleated

Dispersed

No nucleus/centre, they probably developed where areas of woodlands were gradually cleared for agriculture.

Nucleated

Villages form a route centre, they may originally reflect the need for defence or the place where farming was carried out communally.

Linear

Villages are strung out along rivers, valleys, roads, ridges or the coastline.

Market town

They provide services for the local areas . Found near fertile land and farming areas, they have good transport links.

Administration

They employ large numbers of civil servants in local government

Nodal point

a junction between two roads/rivers

Industrial

Used to provide jobs in secondary industry e.g. factories

Tourist resort

Dry point site

is a place that avoids the risk of flooding

Wet point site

A settlement site in a place with good access to water (eg. Near river).

Defensive site

a settlement which usually grows around a fort/castle on a hill

Bridging point

the point where a bridge goes over a river

Strategic

They were built to protect them from attack. On top of hills, inside meander bends or an island in a river

Low order goods

Daily items such as bread, milk, newspapers etc

sphere of influcence

the area a settlement can attract people from, for the facilities it offers.

Threshold population

The minimum number of people needed to provide a large enough demand for a service.

High order services

Infrequently used such as hospitals, law firms accountants, etc

Hoyt Sector Model

Focuses on residential patterns explaining where the wealthy people in a city choose to live. The theory of urban structure that a city develops in a series of certain sectors, instead of rings.

Urbanisation

The increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas compared to rural areas.

Burgess Model

land uses are arranged around the CBD in concentric circles, with the profitable uses being found closest to the city centre. The further away from the city, the higher class the residential area.

Low order services

Frequently used such as post offices, doctors, 7/11s etc

High order goods

Specialist items bought once in a while such as a bed refrigerator, etc

Dormitory town

The main function is providing housing. these have few services and little industry; people live here but commute to big cities