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What is the definition of cellular adaptation
cells adapt to changes in the internal environment
atrophy
decrease in cell size
hypertrophy
increase in cell size
hyperplasia
increase in the number of cells
metaplasia
replacement of adult cells
dysplasia
deranged cell growth of a specific tissue
What are the three sources of intracellular accumulations
normal body substances, abnormal endogenous and exogenous
what do normal body substances consist of
lipids, proteins, carbs, melanin, and bilirubin
what does abnormal endogenous consist of
inborn errors of metabolism
what does exogenous consist of
environmental agents and pigments not broken down
free radical injury
lipid peroxidation, oxidative modification of proteins, dna effects
hyperoxic cell injury
not enough oxygen
what are the 5 causes of hypoxia
ischemia
edema
inability of cells to use oxygen
respiratory disease
not enough oxygen
what is the most common cell injury
hypoxia
what are the 3 phases of cell injury
inflammatory proliferative and maturation
what is apoptosis
cell suicide
what is necrosis
cell death in an organ or tissue
gangrene
occurs when a considerable mass of tissue undergoes necrosis
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