U3_Lesson 3.2 - Negative Feedback Loop Systems

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20 Terms

1
Homeostasis
The process by which living organisms regulate their internal environment to maintain stable and constant conditions.
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2
Negative Feedback
A mechanism of response in which a stimulus initiates reactions that reduce the effect of the stimulus.
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3
Positive Feedback
A process in which a change or event increases the output of a system.
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4
Thermoregulation
The process by which the body maintains its core internal temperature.
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5
Hyperthermia
A condition caused by an excessively high body temperature.
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6
Hypothermia
A condition that occurs when the body loses heat faster than it can produce it, causing a dangerously low body temperature.
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7
Insulin
A hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreas that lowers blood glucose levels.
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8
Glucagon
A hormone produced by alpha cells of the pancreas that raises blood glucose levels.
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9
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)
A hormone system that regulates blood pressure and fluid balance by adjusting vasoconstriction and sodium and water retention.
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10
Calcitonin
A hormone released by the thyroid gland that lowers blood calcium levels.
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11
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
A hormone that increases blood calcium levels by stimulating bone resorption.
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12
Vasodilation
The expansion of blood vessels to increase blood flow, often associated with a decrease in blood pressure.
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13
Vasoconstriction
The narrowing of blood vessels, reducing blood flow and increasing blood pressure.
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14
Set Point
The ideal value or range of a physiological variable that the body tries to maintain.
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15
Osteoclasts
Cells that break down bone tissue, releasing calcium into the bloodstream.
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16
Osteoblasts
Cells that form new bone tissue and help in the buildup of bone by depositing calcium.
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17
Glycogenesis
The process of converting glucose into glycogen for storage, primarily in the liver and muscle cells.
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18
Glycogenolysis
The breakdown of glycogen into glucose, thereby increasing blood sugar levels.
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19
Gluconeogenesis
The synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, primarily in the liver.
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20
Oxytocin
A hormone that triggers uterine contractions during childbirth and is involved in various reproductive functions.
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