HOSA CPR/FIRST AID Test

Go to flashcards/study and click multiple choice and answer with defintion <3

How many breaths and compressions do you perform for each cycle of CPR?

2 breaths and 30 compressions

How do you treat a cut / gash on a person's arm?

With clean dressing, put gauze pads on the cut.
Hold for 1 minute and state that you are holding for 1 minute.
If bleeding continues, place more clean gauze pads and hold 1 more minute with more pressure. Bleeding should subside.
Wrap arm with some kind of bandage to maintain pressure.

To preform CPR on an infant the rescuer should do compressions at a rate of _____.

at least 100 compressions a minute

A young man was standing to close to a fire and the hair caught on fire. The fire was extinguished quickly but the skin on the forehead is mildly burned. You should ______.

Cool the burn with cold but not ice-cold water

What are the steps to checking a unconscious person?

Make sure scene is safe.
Tap the victim's shoulder while asking "Are you okay?"
Check for breathing and take carotid pulse.
Give 30 compressions.
Check for carotid pulse again.
Begin CPR.

What are signs that indicate a medical emergency?

unusual noise, sight, odor, appearance, or behavior

List some barriers to action.

- presence of other people
- unsure of victim's condition, type of injury or illness
- fear of catching disease
- fear of doing something wrong
- being unsure when to call 911

Name the 3 C's of first aid.

check, call, care.

What do you check for prior to administering care to a victim

- scene safety
- other victims
- bystanders
- signs and clues to what type of injury or condition victim has
- ABC's (airway, breathing, and circulation)

Who do you call prior to administering care to a victim?

911 or EMS.

How long should you check a victim's breathing?

10 seconds

Define implied consent

the assumption that a victim would give permission to treat them if he or she were conscious

List some key facts about the transmission of disease.

- can be airborne, in a fluid, or vector (bite)
- injured person must be infected for transmission to occur
- rescuer has to have a break in skin
- there must be sufficient amount of pathogens

Define pathogen.

a disease causing microorganism.

Provide care for first 2 minutes under what circumstances?

- unconscious adult, adolescent, or infant
- witnessed collapse

Call FIRST under what circumstances?

- cardiac emergencies
- drowning victims
- unwitnessed collapse

List the respiratory organs.

- airway (which consists of the pharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchi)
- lungs

What is the function of the respiratory system?

supplies body with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide by breathing.

List some common respiratory system problems.

- asthma
- respiratory distress
- respiratory arrest

List the circulatory organs.

-heart
- blood
- blood vessels

Which direction do arteries pump blood?

away from the heart.

Which direction do veins pump blood?

towards the heart.

What is the function of the circulatory system?

transports nutrients and oxygen to body cells and removes waste products.

List some common circulatory system problems.

- cardiac arrest
- heart attacks
- blood clots

List the nervous system organs.

- brain
- spinal cord
- nerves

What is the function of the nervous system?

transmits messages to and from the brain to regulate all of the body and its systems.

List some common nervous system problems.

- paralysis
- seizures
- strokes
- concussions
- fainting
- loss of consciousness.

List the musculoskeletal organs.

- bones
- muscles
- ligaments
- tendons

What organs can you strain?

tendons and muscles

What organs can you sprain?

ligaments

What is the function of the musculoskeletal system?

provides framework, protects internal organs, and allows movement and heat.

List some common musculoskeletal system problems.

- breaks
- tears
- sprains
- strains
- fractures

List the integumentary organs.

- skin
- nails
- hair

What is the function of the integumentary system?

prevents infection and dehydration, and regulates body temperature.

List some common integumentary system problems.

- breaks
- tears
- punctures
- lacerations
- abrasions

List the digestive organs.

- mouth
- esophagus
- stomach
- intestines
- liver
- pancreas
- gallbladder

What is the function of the digestive system?

breaks down food to supply body with energy.

List some common digestive system problems.

- ulcers
- choking
- allergies
- food poisoning

List the endocrine organs.

glands

What is the function of the endocrine system?

secretes hormones into blood.

List some common endocrine system problems.

diabetes

List the genitourinary organs.

kidneys
- ureters
- urinary bladder
- urethra
- penis (males)
- testes (males)
- vagina (females)
- ovaries (females)
- uterus (females)

What is the function of the genitourinary system?

reproduces offspring, removes waste, and regulates water balance.

List some common genitourinary system problems

- dehydration
- infections

What is the medical term for a bruise?

ecchymosis

List body cavities from head to toe.

1. cranial
2. thoracic
3. abdominal
4. pelvic

List some common breathing emergencies.

- choking
- illnesses
- asthma
- electrocution
- shock
- drowning
- heart attack
- allergic reactions
- drugs
- emphysema
- bronchitis
- croup
- hyperventilation

Define asthma.

a condition that narrows the breathing passages and makes it difficult to breathe, caused by a spasm of the muscle lining in the bronchi.

List the signs and symptoms of asthma.

- wheezing
- difficulty breathing
- painful breathing

List the treatments for asthma.

- medications (inhaler, etc.)
- fresh air

Define bronchitis.

a disease resulting in inflammation of the lining of the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles.

List the signs and symptoms of bronchitis.

- persistent cough
- chest tightness
- difficulty breathing

List the treatments for bronchitis.

-antibiotics

Define anaphylactic shock.

a severe allergic reaction that can restrict and swell a person's chest cavity and cause death.

List the causes of anaphylactic shock.

- insect stings
- certain foods
- medication

List the symptoms of anaphylactic shock.

- chest tightness
- swelling of throat, face, and neck
- difficulty breathing
- dizziness
- confusion

List the treatments for anaphylactic shock.

- injection of epinephrine, followed by the activation of EMS

Define croup.

a common viral illness in children that causes swelling of the tissues around the vocal cords, characterized by a "seal bark" type of cough.

List the treatments for croup.

- fresh cool air
- steamy bathroom

Define epiglottitis.

a bacterial infection that causes severe inflammation of the epiglottis.

What are the signs of epiglottitis?

- appear ill
- fever
- sore throat
- the need to sit up in order to breathe
- drooling
- difficulty swallowing

What are the treatments for epiglottitis?

- antibiotics

Define hyperventilation.

occurs when breathing is faster than normal, imbalance of oxygen and carbon dioxide, occurs in nervous people, people who are in shock and tense.

Treatments for Hyperventilation

-relax the victim

Describe general respiratory distress care.

Describe general respiratory distress care.