AP Euro WW2

Adolf Hitler

Fascist Leader of Nazi Germany

Benito Mussolini

Took over Italian government to become fascist leader

Francisco Franco

Spanish Nationalist Dictator, used help of Germans and Italians to gain power

Friedrich Hayek

Economic philosopher who followed a laissez-faire policy to respond to great depression: the government should wait out economic crises and let them end naturally.

John Maynard Keynes

Economic philosopher who followed government "deficit spending" to attempt to revive economy after great depression: the government should spend money on welfare and public works.

Joseph Stalin

Communist Leader of Soviet Union during WW2

Appeasement

A foreign policy in which allowed an aggressive power to make poltical, material, or territorial decisions

Blitzkrieg

Type of war tactic used by Germany which was intense surprise, speed, and coordinated force concentration (tanks, motor-infantry, aircraft) to create a swift, paralyzing breakthrough.

Blackshirts

fascist paramilitary followers of Mussolini

Collectivization

Soviet Law that forced peasants to give up their individual farms and join large, state-controlled collective farms

Fascism

Extreme Nationalism, included dictatorship, anti-communism, militarism, and promise of national glory and rebirth.

Great Depression

Crash of the Americans stock market due to Overproduction of goods after WWI and Over-reliance on American loans after WWI

Gulag

a vast system of Soviet forced-labor camps, serving as a primary instrument of political repression and economic exploitation under Joseph Stalin.

Holocaust

The discrimination and genocide of European Jews by the axis powers during WW2.

Lebensraum

German for living space, Hitler promised that he would expand Germany and give more for the citizens

"Lost generation"

Generation that had profound disillusionment, alienation, and loss of purpose felt by young adults who witnessed WW1

Munich Agreement

reached by Nazi Germany, the United Kingdom, France, and Italy. The agreement provided for the German annexation of part of the First Czechoslovak Republic called the Sudetenland, where three million people, mainly ethnic Germans, lived.

Nazi Party

Its ideology centered on extreme nationalism, racism, and antisemitism, ultimately leading to the Holocaust and the start of World War II.

Nuremberg Laws

Were a set of antisemitic and racist laws enacted in Nazi Germany.these laws provided the legal framework for the systematic persecution of Jews and other groups, ultimately leading to the Holocaust.

S.A.

The original paramilitary wing of the Nazi Party.

S.S.

The most powerful and feared organization in Nazi Germany. Grew under the leadership of Heinrich Himmler into a "state within a state" that controlled the police, intelligence services, and concentration

Surrealism

Movement in art and literature seeking to release the creative potential of the unconscious mind by irrational, dreamlike imagery.

Spanish Civil War

Brutal war between Republicans, who supported democracy, and the Nationalists, who supported fascism, and would win the war.