World History Quiz Part 3

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Fulgencio Batista
dictator of Cuba from 1934-1959
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Fidel Castro
successfully overthrew Batista in 1959; became Communist dictator in Cuba
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Bay of Pigs Incident
In 1961, President Kennedy promised aerial support to Cuban freedom fighters
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Sandinistas
Communist revolutionaries of Nicaragua
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Juan Peron
overthrew the government of Argentina and established tyrannical rule
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Isabel Peron
1st woman to head a government in the Western Hemisphere
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Salvador Allende
communist president of Chile
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Augusto Pinochet
replaced Allende and brought free market economy to Chile
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Balfour Declaration
supported a national Jewish homeland in Palestine
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Zionists
advocates of a Jewish national state
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1948
founding of the modern nation of Israel
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Six-Day War (1967)
Israel preemptively attacked and defeated surrounding Arabic nations
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Yom Kippur War (1973-1974)
Egypt and Syria invaded Israel’s territory but they were defeated
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OPEC
formed to control supply and price of oil
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Camp David Accords
peace treaty between Israel and Egypt negotiated by President Jimmy Carter; first Arabic/Jewish treaty in history
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PLO
sought to establish a Palestinian state in Israel through force and terror
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Yasser Arafat
leader of the PLO
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Iran
Pro-American government under The Shah
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Saddam Hussein
became dictator in 1979
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Mahatma
Gandhi
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Mahatma Gandhi
advocated civil disobedience against the British in a movement for independence
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Ghana
the 1st black African nation south of the Saharah to gain independence
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Kwame Nkrumah
Prime Minster and eventual dictator of Ghana
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The Congo
Belgium’s largest African colony
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Patrice Lumumba
pro-communist premier
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Joseph mobutu
became dictator of the Congo; it was renamed Zaire in 1971
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Nigeria
leader of the black African nations
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Haile Selassie I
last of the original monarchs of Ethiopia
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Apartheid
policy of racial segregation
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Viet Cong
communist soldiers from North Vietnam who invaded the South (1957) and eventually the rest of Indochina
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Ho Chi Minh Trail
a main North Vietnamese invasion route and supply trail
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1965
1st American combat troops were sent to South Vietnam
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Tet Offensive
large-scale Northern Vietnamese attack against 30 South Vietnamese cities and several US military installations
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Republic of Congo
What was Congo called when freed
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South Africa
Where did Apartheid take place
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Ho Chi Minh
Who led Viet Cong
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Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
What did the American congress pass to allow America to join the conflict in Vietnam in 1965
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William C. Westmoreland
Who led the American troops in South Vietnam
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1975
What year did South Vietnam surrender
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Ho Chi Minh City
What was Saigon renamed to
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Edward Teller
developed the hydrogen bomb in 1952
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Detente
French word that means a lessening or decrease of hostility between nations
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Henry Kissinger
worked to include Communist China in the United nations (1971)
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Leonid Brezhnev
became dictator of the S.U. in 1964
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Helsinki Accords
allowed the Soviet Union more access to technology and weapons from the West
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Alexandr Solzhenitsyn
warned the West to not be too trusting of the Soviet Union’s decreased hostility
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Sputnik 1
1st manmade satellite
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Yuri Gagarin
1st man in space
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Apollo 11
mission of the 1st moon landing
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Nuclear blackmail
What did people around the world opposed that was used by the Soviet Union
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Nuclear freeze
What movement was promoted in America
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1969
What year was the first moon landing
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Margaret Thatcher
conservative leader that became England’s 1st female Prime Minister (1979)
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Ronald Reagan
became president of America in 1981
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Falklands War
England and Argentina fought for control of the Falkland Islands;
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Reagan Doctrine
an offensive policy to stop communism before it attacked a nation; applied in Nicaragua and Grenada
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Chernobyl
nuclear plant in Russia that had a reactor meltdown in 1986; still uninhabitable today
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Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI)
system of space-age weaponry designed to destroy enemy missiles in flight
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Solidarity Movement
freedom movement in Poland that was brutally crushed
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Mikhail Gorbachev
New leader of the Soviet Union (1985)
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England
Who won the Falklands War