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Section 4 of Abnormal Psychology (FA2024)
Dementia
A decline in cognitive function that interferes with daily life, characterized by memory loss, difficulty with communication, and impaired reasoning. It is often progressive and can result from various underlying conditions.
Alzheimer’s disease
form of dementia that is caused by the degeneration of brain cells and is characterized by severe memory loss and cognitive decline.
Vascular disease
form of dementia caused by increased blood in the brain. Acts similar to Alzheimer’s disease but is treatable if treated early
Huntington disease
genetic disease that causes cognitive decline and motor disease. Progressively gets worse over time
AIDS
Condition caused by HIV. Causes dementia if left untreated (or if patient doesn’t respond to treatment)
Nun study
A long-term research project examining the effects of aging and dementia in nuns, focusing on their cognitive abilities and life experiences.
Dementia v. Depression
Dementia is a cognitive/psychological decline. Depression is a mood/motivational decline.
Delirium
Inability to think that causes confusion and agitation. Characterized by a fast onset and is generally caused by drug use, encephalitis, head injury, or metabolic disruption. Not a disorder
Dementia v. Delirium (Duration)
Delirium is easily treated if diagnosed promptly, while dementia is a progressive and irreversible condition.
Childhood Disorders
A group of psychological disorders that typically manifest during childhood, affecting emotional, behavioral, and cognitive development. The type of diagnosis, however, depends on the age.
What externalizing disorders are also known as?
Under controlled disorders
Externalizing Disorders
a cluster of disorders that involve unruly behavior such as rule breaking at a younger age than other children. Relates to behavior that affects other people
What externalizing disorders are correlated with
low income, parental separation, parental antisocial behavior, maternal depression, parental conflict, temperament, genetics, birth defects (typically because of teratogens, negative attention, inconsistency, peers, etc.
Typical Symptoms of Externalizing Disorders
indifference to others suffering, aggression, impulsive, hyperactivity,
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD/ADD)
neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by hyperactivity, attention deficit, and impulsivity.
At what age can a child no longer be diagnosed for ADHD?
>12
What is one of the causes of ADHD?
More kids being required to go to schools
Internalizing Disorder
A group of disorders where the person that has them is suffering internally
Cluster Suicides
Name of an effect where a person commits suicide and everyone that had a connection with that person can suffer from a suicide as well
Emotional Volatility
a persistent pattern of intense, rapidly changing emotions that are disproportionate to the situation at hand.
Caretaking Children
When the children are taking care of the parents and as a result feel guilty and responsible for their parent’s troubles.
Anxious Resistant Attachment Style
where the infant is wary of exploration, not easily soothed by the attachment figure, and angry or ambivalent about contact
Anxious Avoidant Attachment Style
where the infant is generally wary of strange situations and shows little preference over the attachment figure over others as a source of comfort.
Disorganized Attachment Style
where the infant responds inconsistently because of conflicting feelings toward an inconsistent caregiver who is the potential source of either reassurance or fear
Anaclitic Depression
The lack of social responsiveness found among infants who do not have a consistent attachment figure
What demographic are most likely to develop Internalizing Disorders?
Females
What demographic is most likely to develop Externalizing Disorders?
Males
Coercion
Making someone do something through force or threats
Dementia v. Delerium (Course)
Dementia is stable, Delerium fluctuates
Dementia v. Delerium (Sleep Cycle)
Dementia is typically undisturbed, but Delerium struggles a lot, especially with the perception of time
Insanity Defense
protects mentally ill defendants. Indiana has both Insanity defense and "guilty but mentally ill"
Competency to Stand Trial
inability of courts to put people in trial when they aren't present. Applies to mental disorders as if a person isn't mentally stable (not mentally present) they aren't competent to stand trial.
Civil Commitment
not in regards to criminal prosecution, trial before something bad happens
Key subjects of the Belmont Report
Respect for persons, beneficence, and justice
