Abnormal Psychology Section 4 Vikens

Section 4 of Abnormal Psychology (FA2024)

Dementia

A decline in cognitive function that interferes with daily life, characterized by memory loss, difficulty with communication, and impaired reasoning. It is often progressive and can result from various underlying conditions.

Alzheimer’s disease

form of dementia that is caused by the degeneration of brain cells and is characterized by severe memory loss and cognitive decline.

Vascular disease

form of dementia caused by increased blood in the brain. Acts similar to Alzheimer’s disease but is treatable if treated early

Huntington disease

genetic disease that causes cognitive decline and motor disease. Progressively gets worse over time

AIDS

Condition caused by HIV. Causes dementia if left untreated (or if patient doesn’t respond to treatment)

Nun study

A long-term research project examining the effects of aging and dementia in nuns, focusing on their cognitive abilities and life experiences.

Dementia v. Depression

Dementia is a cognitive/psychological decline. Depression is a mood/motivational decline.

Delirium

Inability to think that causes confusion and agitation. Characterized by a fast onset and is generally caused by drug use, encephalitis, head injury, or metabolic disruption. Not a disorder

Dementia v. Delirium (Duration)

Delirium is easily treated if diagnosed promptly, while dementia is a progressive and irreversible condition.

Childhood Disorders

A group of psychological disorders that typically manifest during childhood, affecting emotional, behavioral, and cognitive development. The type of diagnosis, however, depends on the age.

What externalizing disorders are also known as?

Under controlled disorders

Externalizing Disorders

a cluster of disorders that involve unruly behavior such as rule breaking at a younger age than other children. Relates to behavior that affects other people 

What externalizing disorders are correlated with

low income, parental separation, parental antisocial behavior, maternal depression, parental conflict, temperament, genetics, birth defects (typically because of teratogens, negative attention, inconsistency, peers, etc.

Typical Symptoms of Externalizing Disorders

indifference to others suffering, aggression, impulsive, hyperactivity,  

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD/ADD)

neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by hyperactivity, attention deficit, and impulsivity.

At what age can a child no longer be diagnosed for ADHD?

>12

What is one of the causes of ADHD?

More kids being required to go to schools

Internalizing Disorder

A group of disorders where the person that has them is suffering internally

Cluster Suicides

Name of an effect where a person commits suicide and everyone that had a connection with that person can suffer from a suicide as well

Emotional Volatility

a persistent pattern of intense, rapidly changing emotions that are disproportionate to the situation at hand.

Caretaking Children

When the children are taking care of the parents and as a result feel guilty and responsible for their parent’s troubles.

Anxious Resistant Attachment Style

where the infant is wary of exploration, not easily soothed by the attachment figure, and angry or ambivalent about contact

Anxious Avoidant Attachment Style

where the infant is generally wary of strange situations and shows little preference over the attachment figure over others as a source of comfort.

Disorganized Attachment Style

where the infant responds inconsistently because of conflicting feelings toward an inconsistent caregiver who is the potential source of either reassurance or fear

Anaclitic Depression

The lack of social responsiveness found among infants who do not have a consistent attachment figure

What demographic are most likely to develop Internalizing Disorders?

Females

What demographic is most likely to develop Externalizing Disorders?

Males

Coercion

Making someone do something through force or threats

Dementia v. Delerium (Course)

Dementia is stable, Delerium fluctuates

Dementia v. Delerium (Sleep Cycle)

Dementia is typically undisturbed, but Delerium struggles a lot, especially with the perception of time

Insanity Defense

protects mentally ill defendants. Indiana has both Insanity defense and "guilty but mentally ill"

Competency to Stand Trial

inability of courts to put people in trial when they aren't present. Applies to mental disorders as if a person isn't mentally stable (not mentally present) they aren't competent to stand trial. 

Civil Commitment

not in regards to criminal prosecution, trial before something bad happens 

Key subjects of the Belmont Report

Respect for persons, beneficence, and justice