L20 - Linkage

These flashcards cover key concepts related to linkage, recombination, and gene mapping as discussed in the lecture.

Linkage

The tendency of genes located close together on a chromosome to be inherited together.

Recombination

The process by which genetic material is rearranged during meiosis, resulting in genetic variation.

Coupling (cis) configuration

An arrangement of alleles on homologous chromosomes where two dominant alleles or two recessive alleles are on the same chromosome.

Repulsion (trans) configuration

An arrangement of alleles on homologous chromosomes where one dominant and one recessive allele are on the same chromosome.

Testcross

A cross between an individual with an unknown genotype and a homozygous recessive individual to determine the unknown genotype.

Recombination Frequency

The proportion of recombinant offspring produced in a genetic cross.

Genetic Map (Linkage Map)

A chart showing the relative positions of genes on a chromosome based on recombination rates.

Centimorgan (cM)

A unit of measure for genetic linkage, equivalent to a 1% recombination frequency.

Independent Assortment

The distribution of alleles at different loci into gametes independently of one another.

Incomplete Linkage

When genes on the same chromosome do not assort completely together due to crossing over.

Chi-Square Test

A statistical test used to determine if observed data differs significantly from expected values.