LEC 2: Reproductive & Sexual Health (INCOMPLETE)

1. Root

2. Body (Shaft)

3. Glans

3 Parts of the Pen is

(1) Corpus cavernosa

(2) Corpus spongiosum

Pen is is surrounded by erectile tissue called the (1) _______ and inside is the (2) ________

1. Commitment, Attachment, Preparation

2. Acquaintance, Learning, and Physical Restoration Phase (Formal)

3. Moving Towards a New Normal

4. Achievement of Maternal Identity

Stages of Ramona Mercer’s Maternal Role Attainment Theory

Scrotum

Male reproductive organ that houses the testes

Testes

Male reproductive organ responsible for making testosterone and immature sperm

Epididymis

Male reproductive organ that brings sperm to maturity and capable of fertilization

Vas Deferens

Male reproductive organ in which the sperm travels up through and meets with the fluid produced by the Seminal vesicle

Fructose; Provide sperm energy and houses sperm’s motility

Fluid from the Seminal Vesicle is enriched with what and for what purpose?

Lessens the acidity of the urethra

What is the purpose of the fluid from the Cowper’s/Bulbourehtral Gland?

1. Testes (which is located in the scrotum)

2. Epididymis

3. Vas Deferens

4. Fluid from Seminal Vesicle

5. Ejaculatory duct and combines with fluid from Prostate Gland

6. Fluid from Cowper’s/Bulbourethral Gland

Sperm Pathway

Clitoris

Where the superior portion of Labia minora meet?

Fourchette

Where the posterior portion of Labia minora meet?

Episiotomy

Surgical incision of the fourchette to increase passageway of the fetus

Hymen

Thin piece of mucosal tissue that surrounds or partially covers the external vaginal opening

Perforated through mechanical means

Hematocolpometra

In cases where the hymen can’t be perforated, accumulation of blood in the vagina and uterus, especially during menstruation

Hymenectomy

Surgical incision of hymen

1. External Os

2. Internal Os

Parts of the vaginal canal

Cervix

Component of female reproductive system important in keeping pregnancy intact all throughout the 9 months of gestation

Endometrium

Uterine wall that sheds off the cervical canal and out of the vagina during menstruation

Myometrium

Responsible for contraction of the uterus during labor and delivery

Perimetrium

Outer layer (the body of the uterus); serous

Fundus of uterus

Landmark that gives the info about fetal growth since becomes firm upon touch

1. Isthmus

2. Ampulla

3. Infundibulum

Sections of the Fallopian tube

Isthmus

Narrowest part of fallopian tubes

Ampulla

Part of fallopian tube in which fertilization occurs, sperm and egg meet

Infundibulum

Part of the fallopian tubes that holds ciliated finger-like projections (fimbriae) which capture the ovum from the ovary

Round Ligament

Ligament that is a remnant of the gubernaculum extending from uterine horns to the labia majora via inguinal canal

Broad ligament

Ligament that is a double layer of peritoneum attaching sides of uterus to pelvis. It acts as a mesentery of the uterus, and contributes in maintaining the position of it.

Ovarian Ligament

Ligament that holds the ovary

Cardinal Ligament

Ligament that is located at the base of broad ligament. It extends from the cervix to the lateral pelvic walls, and contains the uterine artery and vein in addition to providing support to the uterus.

Uterosacral Ligament

Ligament that extends from cervix to sacrum, and provides support to the uterus.

1. Commitment, Attachment, and Preparation

(Stages of Ramona Mercer’s Maternal Role Attainment Theory)

• Mother begins to adjust to the anticipated realities of her new role

• Learning the social expectations associated with motherhood, adapting to the physical physiological changes of pregnancy, fantasizing about motherhood, and dealing with health concerns, inc prenatal care and prep for childbirth

2. Acquaintance, Learning, and Physical Restoration Stage (Formal Stage)

(Stages of Ramona Mercer’s Maternal Role Attainment Theory)

• Immediately after childbirth, adoption or bringing a new child into the home

• New mother adapts to her role by modeling learned behaviors and conforming closely to social and family norms

3. Moving Towards a New Normal

(Stages of Ramona Mercer’s Maternal Role Attainment Theory)

• Mother begins to develop her own maternal identity and. becomes more comfortable with her decision-making and mothering skills

4. Achievement of Maternal Identity

(Stages of Ramona Mercer’s Maternal Role Attainment Theory)

• Typically occurs at about four months after birth, is the point at which the new mother has successfully integrated prior learning with personal experience

• Feels confident, competent, and accomplished in her role and begins to fully experience the joy of motherhood and secure attachment to the child

(+) Spinnbarkeit

(S/S of Ovulation)

• Estrogen causes cervical mucus to be abundant, clear, and stretchable, like egg white

Mittelschmerz

(S/S of Ovulation)

• One-sided, lower abdominal pain assoc with ovulation

• Ovary on side of pain is releasing egg for ovulation

(+) Ferning Test

(S/S of Ovulation)

• Cervical mucus forms fernlike patterns due to crystallization of NaCl on mucus fibers

Primary Dysmenorrhea

• Painful menstruation in which there is an absence of any underlying anatomic abnormality

• Naturally occurs due to the high prostaglandin produced by the endometrium or psychological factors

Secondary Dysmenorrhea

• Painful menstruation in which there is an underlying structural abnormality of the cervix, uterus, pelvis inflammatory dss and such

Primary Amenorrhea

• Absence of menstruation that happens when menarche has never occurred

• May be related to hormonal alterations

Secondary Amenorrhea

• Cessation of menstruation for more than 3 months after regular menstrual cycles have been established

• Common cause is preganancy

• Other causes could be other medical conditions

Oligomenorrhea

• Infrequent menstruation

Polymenorrhagia

• Frequent menstruation

Hypomenorrhea

• Abnormally short menstrual cycle

• Less than 28 days

Hypermenorrhea

• Abnormally long menstrual cycle

• More than 28-31 days

Metrorrhagia

• Abnormal bleeding between menses/periods

• Inter-cyclic bleeding related to cancer or gynecologic probs

Menorrhagia

• Excessive produce menstrual flow caused by hormonal imbalance infection or uterine tumors

Menopause

• Transitional phase for women, marking the end of their reproductive abilities