French Monarchy

Original king

Henry IV (4th)

Apart of the ——- religion but converted to ———- because ——-

Huguenot (Protestant) ….catholicism… majority in Fr

Edict of nantes

Henry 4th Gave religious toleration to Huguenots in majority area (way to protect his people) - he is a catholic but allowing protestant religion to thrive

What happened to Henry the 4th after publishing the edict of nantes

he was murdered by the fanatic catholic in 1610

After Henry died, what happened

his son, Louis xiii (13th) took power when he was 9.

His mother marie de medici ruled until he was 17.

Cardinal richelieu

Marie puts in charge to make king absolute monarch

What did the king absolute monarch mean

took power away from local nobles and gives to his people

Intendants: works for king at local level

Who was Louis XIV

Louis (13th)s son, ruled for 72 years, named himself sun king (coined himself)

Versailles and its problem

where Louis 14th had palace built- moved govt out of Paris

Problem with - all govt employees lived here 10,000 ( enemies close)

Why was Versailles a problem

 massive price tag and debt it caused

Divine right of king

Louis believed in the divine right of hing (god gave him power).

Econ policy

middle class advisors not nobles (mc knows what the legitimate problems are

Tax system

poor paid most of taxes, rich didnt pay (this is a problem)

Louis XIV Religious policy 

Hates Protestants - wanted them to convert 

Repealed E of Nantes

200000 Huguenots moved 

Economic cost  hurt econ by $ makers

First Tudor King

Henry VII (7)

Kept Eng out of wars

Henry vii (7)

who had 6 marriges

Henry VIIII (8)

Who created his own church (anglican)

Henry VIII (8)

Only son of henry and child of Jane seymore

Edward VI - became king at 9 yrs

Daughter of Henry

Mary- mother Catherine of aragon

hated protestants

hard core catholic

Nickname of Mary and why

Bloody Mary bc she killed 300 Protestants by burning at the stake

Marys religous act

restored catholicism in Eng (was mostly protestant) 

Elizabeths relation to mary

(½ sister same father and was hated by her)

How did Elizabeth help

tried to help common person- traveled around the kingdom visit/ seeing her people

Elizabeths culture

great cultural period in eng history shakespeare (arts flourished under her)

Mary Stuart

queen of scotland (hard core catholic)

cousin of Mary/Elizabeth

Mary Stuarts fear and plan

didnt want a protestant (E) on throne

Philip, marys husband, planned attack on Eng to keep catholic on throne

Fate if Mary Stuart 

Mary plotted to kill  and seize throne (E found out and had Mary beheaded in 1587- took her 4 months to sign the order)

Why did the Spanish Armada start

Sp/Philip not happy about sea raids on Sp ships

nickname of the spanish armada

Invincible Armada

Fate of Spanish Armada

Gb won easily! End of spain as power

What were puritans

Henry had created Anglican Church but some though he hadn't went far enough (Puritans)

Hardcore protestants - want nothing to do with catholics- no catholics in GB

Elizabeth’s thoughts on religion and solution

religious dissatisfaction dangerous (divisive) - want to unit country under Anglican faith 

persecuted Catholics and non Anglican protestands

Elizabeth and Parliament

Parliament

Lords- nobles and clergy

Commons - gentry (landowners) and burgesses (merchants and pros) average person.

How did Elizabeth work with the parliament

worked well with them bc she included them even if it didn’t matter and allowed freedom of speech

What happens in 1603

Elizabeth dies w/ no heir and James I takes over- E already made arrangments for him to take over

Problems with James I

lacks common sense in financial and diplomatic matters - believed in the divine right of the king (parl not like this)

Only real thing James I did

translation of the bible (King James version)

Separating Factors: Geography

landlocked Sweden/Poland blocked sea access. Ottoman controlled the Black Sea

Seperating Factors: Mongols

ruled until around 1300-1500 AD (240 years totally isolated) Mongols had a different religion (E. Ortho religion)

Seperating Factors: Alphabet

Cyrillic (different than Euro)

Seperating Factors: Trading Partners

no Western trading partners

Original

1613 becomes Czar and ends trouble (founder of dynasty lasted until 11917) very rich

Peter the Great takes power

at age 10 after he watches his family get killed

Peter the Greats Goals

wants to modernize/euroize, warm water port

Peter the Great needs

needs help vs Turks (no one helps him)

he goes on an 8 month visit to Euro looking for tech/culture/help

Peter the Great Westernization

established St. Petersburg: new capital (closer to Euro) , improved women’s rights, dress changed - short robes or beards

Peter the Great Westernization Govt

modernized army. Push manufacturing and foreign trade

Peter the Great Westernization Service nobility

new systems where nobles ranked according to performance of govt services (better= more land/serfs)

serf- slave to the land

How did Peter the great keep control

forced nobles to move to st Pete and spend time in govt court

the nobles paid no taxes