Global Studies Exam 1 Review

Flashcards based on lecture notes covering key concepts for Global Studies Exam 1, including definitions of global phenomena, theories of globalization, critical perspectives, and social movements.

Global

All the factors that relate to human activity.

Global Studies

An approach to understanding the transnational features (across national boundaries) of our world through incorporating disciplinary and new approaches.

Global Perspective/Imaginary

A summary or conceptualization of the practices in our global world.

Decentering

Moving away from Global North and Western methods of thinking to a more inclusive understanding of issues; creating holistic solutions.

Transdisciplinarity

The focus that global studies continuously tries to expand on to create holistic solutions that encompass a truly 'global' understanding.

Hyperglobalists

Those who focus on the economy and believe global phenomena have a worldwide reach.

Skeptics (Globalization)

Those who argue against economy-driven global phenomena, believing global reach is only regional.

Transformationalists

Those who put emphasis on being interconnected (culture, politics, society) and believe global change is up for interpretation.

1964 NY Fair

One of the first 'globalized events' for sharing innovations and communication, though it also masked ongoing tragedies of the era.

Environmental Movement (U.S.)

A response to globalization, launched by the 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill and the book 'The Silent Spring,' leading to Earth Day and Green Party Politics.

International Studies

A field that arose from global uncertainties, focusing on various groups and representing a shift in understanding 'modernity.'

2008 Economic Crisis

A negative consequence of rapid globalization, resulting from corporate greed, global privatization, and deregulation.

Epistemology

The ways or systems used to validate knowledge, allowing it to be valid and inclusive of all opinions/ideas.

Paradigms

The framework used to interpret knowledge and new information, like fitting puzzle pieces together.

Modernity

The concept of our world becoming more technologically and societally advanced, often used by 'Global Powers' to label other countries as 'pre-modern.'

Holism

The desire to get the bigger picture, not just details or snippets, in understanding global processes.

Friction (Tsing Reading)

A metaphor for interpreting the messy and not-so-smooth interactions that occur across globalization, which are both enabling and constraining conditions of transformation.

Paradoxical Universalisms / Global Understanding (Tsing Reading)

Products of messy chains of action that occur when conflicting interests encounter friction in global interactions.

Nested Scales

Four levels (Local, Regional, National, Global) where prominence and impact vary, influencing actions or obligations, working mutually constitutively.

Nation State

A nation of people having a relationship with an entity that decides the rules and regulations of a territory.

Globality

The state or condition of world-scale interconnection.

Globalism

Endorsements of the concept of 'global.'

Globalization

The process of creating and maintaining world-scale connections.

Space-time Compression

A mechanism of Futurism that causes us to assume the world and time are speeding up, leading to the idea that the local is subsumed by the global.

Inter-Civilizational Conflict (Huntington)

The idea that the world is shaped by civilizational identity (culture, religion, language, ethnicity) that can cause tensions and conflicts between nations.

West vs. The Rest (Huntington)

A concept of conflict arising from the rise of non-Western civilizations and the decline of Western ones, fostering an 'us vs. them' mindset.

Fault-Line Wars

A common type of inter-civilizational conflict between neighboring states from different civilizations or groups within a civilization, often lasting generations.

Engaged Universals

Aspirations (e.g., freedom, truth, knowledge) that travel and are transformed by encounters across difference, requiring adherents to spread them, implicated in both imperial domination and liberation.

Glocalization

A way to talk about how different places relate to each other, often exemplified by global corporations adapting to local markets.

Integration/Peripheralization

The division of the world into those having power (producers of finished products) and peripheral places (countries with resources that have been colonized and exploited).

Orientalism

An 'us vs. them' outlook applied to other powers and global nations, creating an imagined 'mystic' or 'odd' space through storytelling, often distorting perceptions of cultures like the 'Middle East.'

Nationalism

A political ideology based on the assumptions that humans are naturally divisible into nations, these nations share an essential, unchanging essence, arose on a national homeland, and need a state encompassing only their people over that territory.

Gendered Nature of Globalization (Moghadam)

Feminist scholarship highlighting that globalization affects women and men differently, with contradictory developments such as increased female education alongside widening income inequality and violence.

Precariats (Globalization and Women)

Poorly paid, insecure jobs (e.g., retail, hospitality) that disproportionately affect women due to neoliberal developments in globalization.

Structural Violence (VAW)

Deep-rooted gender relations and economic inequalities that contribute to male dominance and violence against women, often using women's bodies as a vehicle for asserting power.

Women's, Feminist, and Gendered Social Movements

Movements (often called 'globalization-from-below') responding to global economic and political developments, sometimes framing activism as maternalism to gain social acceptability.

Transnational Capitalist Class (TCC)

A class of people and organizations with global interests, seeking to create a global borderless economy, often transcending national capitalist classes.

Transnational Corporations (TNCs)

Global corporations that do not have a particular national identity, differing from multinational corporations (MNCs) that usually originate from a specific nation-state.

Transnational State (TNS)

A web of decentered institutions that the Transnational Capitalist Class (TCC) oversees to coordinate practices and policies for their vision of the global economy.