Dehydration (Infants and Geriatric) (copy)

What happens with the % of water in the body as an infants ages?

It decreases

Causes for fluid loss in children less than 2 years

old?

• Respiratory illness

• Stomach viruses (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)

• High respiratory rates

What are S/S of Mild dehydration in an infant?

Very few noticeable changes from normal

What are S/S of Moderate dehydration in an infant?

Slightly increased HR

Marked decrease in urine output

tacky mucous membrane

Fontanel begins to sink

What are S/S of severe dehydration in an infant?

HR High

BP low

Anuric

Dry mucous membrane

Markedly sunken fontanel

Cap refill is > 3 seconds

What regarding clinical manifestations for Imbalances in gerontologic populations need to be considered?

Manifestations may be subtle

What can Fluid deficit in gerontologic populations cause?

Delirium

What can dehydration in gerontologic populations cause?

• Confusion

• Delirium

Urinary output for Neonate with dehydration:

<2ml/kg/hr

Specific gravity >1.01

Urinary output for Neonate with Overhydration:

>5ml/kg/hr

Specific gravity <1.002

Urinary output for Infants and toddlers

>2-3ml/kg/hr

Urinary output for Preschool and young school age

>1-2ml/kg/hr

Urinary output for School aged and adolescents

0.5-1ml/kg/hr

Maintenance fluid requirement for pediatric who is <=10kg

100ml/kg

Maintenance fluid requirement for pediatric who is 10-20kg

1000ml

+50ml/kg for each additional kilogram between 10 and 20kg.

Maintenance fluid requirement for pediatric who is >20kg

1500ml

+ 20ml/kg for each additional kilogram over 20kg.