Deuterostomes and Chordates

Flashcards cover vocabulary related to Deuterostome and Chordate phyla, focusing on developmental biology, anatomy, and classification.

Deuterostomes

A group of animals where the blastopore develops into the anus, characterized by radial and indeterminate cleavage.

Protostomes

A group of animals where the blastopore develops into the mouth, characterized by spiral and determinate cleavage.

Echinodermata

A phylum of marine animals including sea stars and urchins, characterized by a water vascular system and pentaradial symmetry.

Chordata

A phylum that includes vertebrates and their relatives, characterized by a dorsal nerve cord, notochord, pharyngeal slits, and a post-anal tail.

Pedicellariae

Distinctive external structures in echinoderms resembling miniature claws, believed to serve hygienic and defensive functions.

Blastopore

The opening in the early embryo that develops into the mouth in protostomes and the anus in deuterostomes.

Water Vascular System

A network of fluid-filled canals unique to echinoderms, involved in locomotion and feeding.

Pentamerism

A body symmetry that consists of five parts radiating from a central point, characteristic of echinoderms.

Cephalochordata

Subphylum of Chordata that includes lancelets, characterized by a notochord retained in adults and used for support.

Urochordata

Subphylum of Chordata that includes tunicates, characterized by a tunic body covering and filter feeding through pharyngeal gill slits.

Vertebrata

Subphylum of Chordata that includes animals with a backbone, significantly complex body systems and structures.

Schizocoelous development

Coelom formation in protostomes where solid masses of mesoderm split to form the coelom.

Enterocoelous development

Coelom formation in deuterostomes where folds of the archenteron form the coelom.

Dioecious

A reproductive mode where individuals are either male or female.

Aristotle's lantern

A complex feeding structure found in echinoids, consisting of five protractible teeth.