Biology Exam Review Flashcards

These flashcards cover essential vocabulary and concepts from the biology lecture notes to aid in exam preparation.

Independent variable (IV)

The variable that you change in an experiment.

Dependent variable (DV)

The variable that you measure in an experiment.

Control group

The group that receives no treatment; serves as a baseline for comparison.

Hypothesis format

If (IV), then (DV), because (reason).

Dehydration synthesis

The process by which monomers join together, forming polymers, while releasing water.

Hydrolysis

The reaction that breaks bonds in polymers by adding water.

Magnification

The zoom level of a microscope.

Resolving power

The clarity of an image produced by a microscope.

Brownian motion

Random movement of particles in a fluid.

Concentration gradient

The difference in concentration across a space, influencing the rate of diffusion.

Osmosis

The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

Epithelial tissue

Tissue that covers surfaces in the body, such as skin or linings.

Hypotonic solution

A solution with less solute than the cell, causing the cell to swell.

Hypertonic solution

A solution with more solute than the cell, causing the cell to shrink.

Isotonic solution

A solution with equal solute concentration to the cell, causing no change.

Selective permeability

The ability of a cell membrane to allow certain substances to pass while blocking others.