Ethics

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15 Terms

1
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What is the Oxford definition of ‘Ethics’?

Moral principles that govern a person’s behavior or the conducting of an activity; the moral correctness of specified conduct.

2
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Name the four core topics under ‘Being a responsible engineer.’

Ethics, Sustainability, Health and Safety, Legal implications.

3
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Which organization’s code begins: “We … commit ourselves to the highest ethical and professional conduct”?

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).

4
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List the four fundamental principles from the Royal Academy of Engineering’s Statement of Ethical Principles.

Honesty and integrity; Respect for life, law and the public good; Accuracy and rigour; Leadership and communication.

5
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Under ‘Honesty and integrity,’ what must engineers declare?

They must declare conflicts of interest.

6
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In the ‘Respect for life, law and the public good’ principle, what should engineers maximize and minimize?

Maximize the public good and minimize actual and potential adverse effects on current and future generations.

7
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What duty does ‘Accuracy and rigour’ impose on engineers regarding competence?

They should perform services only in areas in which they are currently competent or under competent supervision.

8
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Name two elements of ‘Leadership and communication’ for engineers.

Promote public awareness of engineering impacts; Challenge statements or policies that cause professional concern.

9
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What scenario illustrates a conflict between honesty and confidentiality in engineering?

A software engineer asked to testify on a system’s security despite lacking thorough inspection must balance honesty about uncertainty with confidentiality obligations.

10
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What ethical dilemma arises when pooling accident data with competitors?

Sharing safety-critical information with rival companies may breach commercial confidentiality but could prevent future accidents.

11
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Define the ‘Nolan principles’ in public life.

Selflessness, Integrity, Objectivity, Accountability, Openness, Honesty, Leadership—standards for public office-holders.

12
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Give an example of ‘Selflessness’ from Nolan’s principles.

Making decisions that benefit the public rather than seeking financial gain for oneself or associates.

13
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What ethical issue did the cold fusion researchers face?

They bypassed peer review by announcing results via press release under institutional pressure, risking scientific rigor and transparency.

14
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Outline step 1 and 2 of Davis’s seven-step ethical decision-making guide.

  1. State the problem; 2. Check the facts to ensure accurate understanding of the situation.

15
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What injustice did Henrietta Lacks’s family suffer related to HeLa cells?

Cells were used without her or her family’s knowledge or compensation, and they later remained in poverty while their mother’s cells revolutionized medicine.