p4 quiz

Election of 1800/” Revolution of 1800”

provided the first election with a clear choice between political parties. Jefferson won and there was a peaceful shift in power from the federalists to the democratic republicans

Louisiana Purchase

jefferson purchased a large span of land encompassing the mississippi and missouri rivers from france using the elastic clause. This territory was extremely important because it contained new orleans, a strong trading hub.

Aaron burr

vice president during jefferson’s first term, who was voted to not be the vice president for his second term. This caused him to go on a series of ventures to undermine the government leading to his shooting of hamilton and being tried for treason

Barbary pirates

washington and adams had agreed to pay a tribute to barbary governments on the north african coast, however, during jefferson’s presidency, they demanded a higher sum. Jefferson refused and sent a navy fleet that fought them sporadically for four years. While the desired victory was not achieved, the us gained some respect.

Chesapeake-leopard affair

in 1807, off the coast of virginia, the british warship Leopard fired on the US warship Chesapeake, killing 3 americans and impressing 4. This ran anti-british feleings high and many americans demanded war, however, jefferson kept to diplomacy and economic pressure.

Embargo Act of 1807

as an alternative to war, this prohibited american merchant ships from sailing to any foreign ports, hoping to motivate british to stop violating neutral nations, however this only brought economic hardship to america.

Tecumseh

shawnee american indian who attempted to unite the tribes east of the mississippi rivers against the encroachment of white settlers.

Battle of tippecanoe

in 1811, william henry harrison destroyed the shawnee headquarters, ending tecumseh’s efforts.

William henry harrison

general and governor of the indiana territory

War hawks

group of new, young democratic republicans in congress from kentucky, tennessee, and ohio who were eager for war with britain.

War of 1812

decalred by the us after continual british violations of us neutral rights at sea and troubles on the western frontier. Congress declared war after the british government had agreed to suspend its naval blockade.

Battle of horseshoe bend

march 1814, in present day alabama, us commander andrew jackson ended the power of an important british ally, the creek nation. This victory eliminated the indians and opened land to white settllers.

Treaty of ghent

ended the war as a stalemate, as the specifications that all conquered territory would return to the original holder, however it said nothing about the grievances leading to the war.

Battle of new orleans

january 8, 1815, fought two weeks after the treaty of Ghent had been signed however news had not yet reached the military forces.

Hartford convention

radical federalists in new england met in hartford before the end of the war to discuss secession from the union, however nothing was declared and when the war ended the federalists were seen as unpatriotic.

Era of good feelings

the name for monroe’s presidency, which was marked by strong nationalism, optimism, and goodwill, however this only truly represents from 1816 to 1819.

Tariff of 1816/protective tariff

congress raised tariffs to protect US manufacturers form competition rather than just to raise revenue, however the north opposed these tariffs

Henry clay’s american system

Kentucky leader in the HOR suggested this plan to improve the national economy consisting of protective tariffs, a national bank, and internal improvements.

Second bank of the US

chartered by congress after the first national bank’s charter expired in 1811.

Panic of 1819

occurred after the second bank tightened credit to try and control inflation. This rapidly increased debt, causing many westerners to call for land reform and to oppose the national bank

Missouri compromise

by 1818, the north held the house majority and the senate was even, however, missouri’s bid for statehood threatened this balance because missouri was a slave state, whch would give the south political power. Henry clay proposed what became known as the missouri compromise, which said that missouri would be admitted as a slave state, maine would be admitted as a free state, and slavery would be prohibited in the louisiana territory north of the 36*30 latitude

Adams onis treaty (florida purchase treaty)

1819, spain, worried that the us would seize florida, made this treaty giving all possessions in florida and its claims to the oregon territory to the us in exchange for us assumption of $5mil in claims against the spanish and giving up all claims to the spanish province of texas.

Monroe doctrine

asserted as a principle in which the rights and interests of the us are involved that they could not be considered as subjects for future colonization by any european powers.

John quincy adams

secretary of state during monroe’s presidency.