Pure omission

Third party acts

Failures to prevent harm to C caused by another
Duty may arise if:

• D created a risk that a third party exploited.

• D assumed responsiblity for C’s safety.

TPA - CASES

Home office v Dorset yacht - Yes RISK AT ISLAND.

Mitchell v glasgow - didnt hear danger
Poole v Gn - no general duty against 3rd parties unless assumed resoponsibility, status or positive risk creation.

Smith v littlewoods - owned building, no control over vandals, no duty.

C’s own acts

If D had sufficient control may owe DOC to protect C against own actions leading to harm
Barnet v MOD
Reeves v Commissoner PD metropolis

Natural Hazards

Failure to protect C from naturally occuring risk
Duty if
- D created/worsened/adopted hazarard. (Capital v Counties PLC v Hampshire cc
- D expressly assumed responsiblity.