updated archaeloglklg notes

Nabonidus

Considered the first archaeologist and the last king of the Neo-Babylonian empire (538 BC).

Antiquarians

Early collectors of antiquities who focused on objects rather than historical significance, active from the late 1700s to early 1800s.

Professional Archaeology

Emerging in the mid-1900s, it emphasizes culture history and formal training in archaeological methods.

Giovanni Battista Belzoni

One of the earliest antiquarians who collected antiquities for the British Museum.

Jens Jacob Amussen Worsaae

The first professional archaeologist known for his systematic excavations.

Alfred Vincent Kidder

Founder of anthropological archaeology, known for his relative chronology of South American societies.

Gertrude Caton-Thompson

An influential figure in archaeology known for her interdisciplinary work and excavation of the Great Zimbabwe site.

Lewis R. Binford

Pioneered the New Archaeology movement, focusing on understanding the cultural processes using scientific methods.

Culture

A complex whole including knowledge, beliefs, art, morals, laws, customs, and capabilities acquired by individuals in society.

Archaeological Survey

A method used to discover and study archaeological sites without excavation.

Non-Site Archaeology

The study of archaeological patterns across large geographical areas rather than at specific sites.

Pedestrian Survey

A common archaeological survey method involving walking around to locate sites.

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR)

An electromagnetic method used to detect changes in the soil and create 3D maps of subsurface features.

Stratigraphy

The study of layered soils to determine the chronological sequence of human activity.

Excavation

Systematic and detailed process of digging at archaeological sites to uncover artifacts and their context.

Datum Point

A reference point in archaeological excavation used to control measurements and maintain spatial context.

Floatation

A process used to recover small artifacts and ecofacts by separating lighter materials from soil in water.

Curation

The process of managing and preserving archaeological materials for future research and public display.