RMI123: Week5 6-4 Lecture - Infection (part3)

Flashcards about the chain of infection, modes of transmission, standard precautions, isolation precautions, hand washing techniques, sterile gloving, and more.

What are the primary precautions given to us by the CDC?

Standard precautions

Name the three types of isolation precautions.

Contact, droplet, and airborne precautions

What PPE is required for droplet precautions, and what is the maximum distance for droplet transmission?

A regular mask; up to three feet, maximum up to six feet

What PPE is required for airborne precautions?

N95 or respirator

What percentage of infections can be prevented just by handwashing, according to research?

Eighty percent

List the times when you have to wash your hands as mentioned in the lecture.

At the beginning of the workday, after every patient, after contact with blood or body fluids, prior to an invasive procedure, before touching a high-risk patient, and after caring for patients with known communicable diseases.

When are alcohol-based hand sanitizers acceptable to use instead of soap and water?

In case soap and water is not available, or if the hands are not visibly soiled

What are the guidelines for handwashing duration after heavily contracted procedures, normal procedures, and nondirty procedures or after wearing gloves?

Three minutes after heavily contracted procedures, thirty seconds after normal procedures, and fifteen seconds after nondirty procedures or after wearing gloves.

During handwashing, how should hands be positioned relative to the elbows?

Hands should always be lower than the elbows

When washing hands, how far above the wrist should you clean?

Slightly above the wrist

Name the three categories for cleaning inanimate objects, based on their level of disinfecting ability.

High level, intermediate level, and low level

Give an example of a object that corresponds to the high level disinfecting ability.

Glutarate

Give an example of a object that corresponds to the intermediate level.

Alcohol-based solutions

Give a example of a object that corresponds to the low level.

Hydrogen peroxide is an example of low level of disinfecting any object.

What does disinfection mean?

To remove any microorganism as possible from a surface by either physical means or by chemical means, but not killing it and does not remove spores.

What is surgical asepsis?

Complete removal of microorganism and spore is done.

What does the term 'asepsis' mean?

No infection or without infection

What should you do if you are unsure whether an object is sterile or not?

Don't use it; consider it non-sterile

What happens if a non-sterile person or object touches a sterile object?

It is considered contaminated and cannot be used.

When wearing sterile gloves and gown, where should you keep your hands?

Keep your hands up, above the waist level, at all times.

When sterile, up to what part of your body is considered sterile?

The front of your body, up to the waist level, is considered sterile.

What is the recommendation about jewelry when preforming sterile procedures?

Is strongly discouraging the wearing of rings or other jewelry

What is the recommendation about nail polish when preforming sterile procedures?

Freshly applied nail polish does not increase the number of bacteria recovered from perium, but chip nail polish may support the growth of large numbers of organisms on fingernails.

Is it better to wash with warm or cold water when hand washing?

Warm or cold water, either is fine as long as it's clean.

Does soap have to be antibacterial to work?

No. Plain soap and water work just as well.

What is disinfection?

Disinfection refers to the process of using chemicals or physical methods to kill or remove most or all of the harmful microorganisms from a surface or object.

What is sterilization?

Sterilization on the other hand is the process of using chemicals or physical methods to kill or remove all microorganisms, including viruses, fungi, and bacterial spores.

What should everone clean to remove before either disinfecting or sterilization?

cleaned to remove dirt and debris then disinfected or sterilized.

What should you do if the sterility of an item is questionable

If ever the sterility of an item is questionable, it is not considered sterile.

When opening a package, what is the order?

Order of opening is always away from you, then towards the side, and towards you is always the last.

When cleaning the skin for a sterile procedure, how should you proceed?

Use the antiseptic solution and rub in a circular the site of your interest, the region of your interest, from there, you will start. And then in the circular motion, you will move outwards.

When is it important store storing equipment?

Equipment should always be covered and placed in a closed cabinet. Any sterile equipment that has to be used should be covered and should be stored in a closed cabinet.

What should one understand about shelf life?

Shelf life is something that you need to understand. It's the time during which the item is considered sterile. After that, it is not. So within that shelf life, it is safe to use that equipment as sterile. After that shelf life date, then it is not good to be used as a sterile object.

What are the two types of methods for sterile gloving?

Open method and closed method for gloving

Up to how many inches above the elbow should a surgical scrub be preformed?

Two inches above the elbow

If you were right handed, which hand should you put the sterile glove on first?

It is recommended that you put on your dominant hand. If you are right handed, put the right handed