CV midterm 1

Myth

narrative psychologically important to community/society/culture fictitious story, element of ancient religious belief, primitive science, cautionary moral teaching tale

Etiology

myth explaining origins

Pandora

women open box (origin of bad things, shows hubris/religious beliefs)

Epimetheus

god of after sight, cursed with pandora for going against Zeus

Prometheus

god of foresight, punished for stealing fire from Zeus

Zeus

king of gods, ruler of sky

Why are there so many different versions of the same myth?

Many reasons and oral passage leads to different myths

Lore

in myth the nuts and bolts of the story

Ideology

in myth the message of the story

Cronos(name)

Saturn

Rhea (name)

Rhea

Uranus (name)

Uranua

Zeus(name)

Jupiter

Hera(name)

Juno

Poseidon(name)

Neptune

Demeter(name)

Ceres

Hestia(name)

Vesta

Hades(name)

Pluto/Dis

Apollo(name)

Apollo

Artemis(name)

Diana

Hermes(name)

Mercury

Athena(name)

Minerva

Ares(name)

Mars

Hephaestus(name)

Vulcan

Aphrodite(name)

Venus

Dionysus(name)

Liber

Cronos

son of Gaea and Uranus, overthrows father (first king of new world)

Rhea

wife of Cronus

Uranus

sky titan, husband/son of Gaea (first ruling couple)

Zeus

king of gods/law/weather, lightning/eagle/septre, overthrew father, 1st gen Olympian

Hera

Zeus' wife, marriage/family, crown/peacock, 1st gen Olympian

Poseidon

seas/earthquakes, dolphins/horses/tridents, 1st gen Olympian

Demeter

harvest/fertility, grain, 1st gen Olympian

Hestia

hearth, not portrayed, 1st gen Olympian

Hades

underworld, cap of invisibility, not Olympian 1st gen

Apollo

music/healing/sun/prophecy, lyre/bow and arrow/snake/scroll/beardless, 2nd gen Olympian (child of Zeus and Leto)

Artemis

hunting/wild animals, bow/short hunting dress/animals, 2nd gen Olympian (child of Zeus and Leto)

Hermes

travel/trade/thievery/messenger, cadusus/travel hat/winged, 2nd gen Olympian (child of Zeus and maiai)

Athena

crafts/wisdom/warfare clever, owl/armor/spear/ageis, 2nd gen Olympian (child of Zeus and metis)

Ares

warfare, 2nd gen Olympian (child of zeus and hera)

Hephaestus

blacksmith/technology, hammer/limp, 2nd gen Olympian (child of zeus and hera)

Aphrodite

love/sex, dove/eros and cupid, 2nd gen Olympian (uranus' castration)

Dionysus

wine/fertility/theatre/ecstasy, maenads/pinecones/wine/leopard/satyr, 2nd gen Olympian kinda (child of zeus and Semele)

Anthropomorphic

human formed

Omniscient

all knowing

Omnipotent

all powerful

Athens

Origins of Greek Theatre

Tragedy

goat song\=tragoidos

Comedy

komoidos\=party song

City Dionysia

religious festival in late March, choral dance/procession/dithyramb/comedy competition

Outdoor theaters

mainly hillside, mock navel battles, orchestra (dancing area)

Chorus

help with 3 actor rule, sang/dance, unpaid, 12-15

Choregos

any wealthy Athenian citizen who paid the costs of theatrical productions at festivals

Koryphaeus

The conductor or leader of the chorus of a drama

Parodos

introduction song

Stasimon

choral interlude

Strophe

first section of choral ode

Antistrophe

second section of choral ode

Three actor rule

only three speakers on stage

Costumes and masks

padded suits and large masks (help projection)

Agon

debate in long speech then short lines

Rhesis

long speech

Stichomythia

short lines

Mechane

crane entrance (normally god)

Ekkyklema

wheeled platform to see what's happening inside

Orchestra

flat dancing area

Peripeteia

reversal of fortune

Anagnorisis

recognition

Catharsis

cleansing of negative emotions

Aeschylus

tragedies (7 extent), acted in plays, veteran of marathon

Sophocles

7 extant plays

Euripides

19 extant plays, surly and convivial (not popular in life)

Aristophanes

old comedy, 11 extant, political themes made fictional (contemporary characters)

Oedipus

king of thebes

Jocasta

Queen of thebes, wife/mother of oedipus

Creon

Jocasta's brother, accuses oedipus

Tiresias

blind prophet

Laius

oedipus' father, raped Chyripppus and brought sphyinx curse, previous king before son killed him

The Shepherd

reveals identity, one to give Oedipus to messanger

Role of Fate in life

cannot escape fate

"Nothing in excess"

Delphic saying

"Know thyself"

Delphic saying

Does "Western Civilization" actually exist?

no, relative and changing

The necessity of understanding our own identity and questioning personal myths

knowing orgins important, lack of understanding leads to errors

Arnold vs. Tyler, meaning of culture

Hierarchical vs set of beliefs (more neutral)

Aristotle

complex plot reversial and recognition simultaneously

Freud

uses myth to justify attraction to mother, Oedipus complex

Chrysippus

raped by Laius, brought curse

Thebes

Land of Oedipus' birth/inheritance

Corinth

Where Oedipus grew up, believed land of parents

Polybus

king of Corinth, Oedipus' adopted father

Merope

queen of Corinth, Oedipus' adopted father

Oida

I know (ancient grief)

Delphi

Place of oracle, where Oedipus learns fate

Oracle

prophesies Oedipus will marry mother and kill father

Sphinx

Sphinx toments thebes for Laius' crime, defeated by Oedipus

Tyrant (tyrannos)

foreign leader

Pollution/Miasma

pollution ritually cleaned

Plague/pandemic

physical depiction of miasma

Murder mystery

Laius' murder causes plague