GOVERNMENT- CHAPTER 13

What is the U.S.’s plan for reaching its goals when dealing with other countries?

foreign policy

What is the main goal of U.S. foreign policy?

National security

What does national security mean?

Keeping the country safe

What does national security protect?

The nation, its people, and property in other countries

Why is national security important?

It helps keep the U.S. safe from threats.

What are agreements (treaties) where countries work together for a common goal?

alliances

What is adefense agreement where an attack on one country is treated as an attack on all?

collective security

What is the most important alliance the U.S. is part of?

NATO

What is keeping peace between countries and preventing wars?

international stability

How does the U.S. promote international stability?

By using diplomacy to stop wars or threats.

What is a group of countries formed in 1945 to promote cooperation and prevent wars?

United Nations (UN)

Why was the United Nations created?

To stop another world war after World War II.

How many countries are in the United Nations?

About 193 member states.

Where is the United Nations located?

Manhattan, New York

What is an alliance of countries that agree to defend each other?

NATO

What is the main goal of NATO?

To protect member countries.

Where is NATO located?

Brussels, Belgium

When was NATO created?

1949 (after World War II)

What is helping countries grow their economies?

economic development

Why does the U.S. support economic development?

To gain trade partners and allies.

What is a program where the U.S. sent money and goods to help countries recover after World War II?

Marshall Plan

What is the goal of helping developing (3rd world) nations?

To help them produce goods and services

How does economic growth connect to freedom?

Strong economies can lead to more political freedom.

How does economic development help the U.S.?

It builds friendships and stronger global connections.

What occurred from 1790-1890 when the U.S. stayed out of alliances but still traded with other countries?

isolation

What is a policy that warned Europe to stay out of the Americas?

Monroe Doctrine

What did the U.S. do during isolation?

Traded with other regions and protected its interests.

Who helped open trade with Japan?

Commodore Matthew Perry

What occurred when the U.S. gained more land and increased trade?

expansion

What land did the U.S. gain during expansion?

Hawaii, the Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico, Cuba, and American Samoa

What is a policy to keep China open to trade with all countries?

Open Door Policy

What was the period where the U.S. went back and forth on staying isolated or getting involved?

vacillation

What major war did the U.S. join during this time?

WW1

What occurred when the U.S. took responsibility to defend against threats like communism?

obligation

What war did the U.S. fight to stop Nazism?

WW2

What was a long conflict between the U.S. and the Soviet Union without direct fighting?

Cold War

What war aimed to stop the spread of communism?

Korean War

What war did the U.S. try to stop communism, but failed?

Vietnam War

What was a policy by Ronald Reagan to stay strong militarily to prevent war?

“peace through strength”

What period was the U.S. deciding whether to act like a “world police” or not?

transition period

What is a free-trade agreement between the U.S., Canada, and Mexico?

NAFTA

What was a war where the U.S. helped remove Iraq from Kuwait?

Gulf War

Where did the U.S. do peacekeeping missions?

Somalia, Haiti, and the Balkans

Why did the U.S. go to war in Afghanistan?

To remove the Taliban after the September 11 attacks.

What was a U.S. effort to fight terrorism and remove threats in Iraq?

War of Terror

What did Barack Obama do with Cuba?

He lifted some sanctions to improve relations.

What was an agreement led by Barack Obama to limit Iran’s nuclear program?

Iranian Nuclear Deal

Who is the main policymaker in foreign policy?

The President

What role means the President is in charge of the military?

Commander in Chief

What role does the President represent the U.S. at home and with other countries?

Chief of State

What role does the President play in treaties?

Helps create agreements with other nations.

What is a group that helps the President make desicion?

Executive Office of President

What is a group that gives the President advice and information about national security? It gives briefings and guidance to the President.

National Security Council

What is the part of the government that handles relationships with other countries? It maintains diplomatic relations with foreign nations.

United States Department of State

What service is people who work for the State Department in other countries?

Foreign Service

What are government offices in foreign capitals?

embassies

What are government office in ports and trade centers? They help promote business between the U.S. and other countries.

consulates

What is the part of the government in charge of the military?

United States Department of Defense

Who leads the Department of Defense?`

The Secretary of Defense

What is the headquarters of the headquarters of the U.S. Department of Defense? It helps make military policies and decisions.

the Pentagon

What are the main U.S. military branches?

Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marines