Introductory Psychology - Biological Bases of Behaviour

This set of flashcards includes key concepts about the biological bases of behavior as discussed in the lecture, helping with understanding the functions of different components of the nervous system.

What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?

The central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).

What does the peripheral nervous system consist of?

All nerves that lie outside of the brain and spinal cord.

What are gyri and sulci?

Gyri are ridges on the surface of the brain, while sulci are depressions or fissures.

What is the function of the cerebrospinal fluid?

It surrounds the brain and spinal cord, providing protection and essential nutrients while removing waste.

What is the main role of the cerebellum?

It is responsible for coordination of fine movement and balance.

What are the primary cortices responsible for?

Many aspects of cognition, particularly perception.

What is gray matter comprised of?

Cell bodies of neurons, which are responsible for processing information.

What is white matter composed of?

Myelinated axons that form the communication network between brain regions.

Define action potential.

A very brief shift in a neuron’s electrical charge that travels along an axon.

What is the all-or-none law in neuronal action?

When an action potential begins, it is fully executed; there are no 'half' action potentials.

What is a synapse?

A specialized junction between two neurons that allows for the transfer of electrochemical signals.