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premotor cortex
guide movement based on context; lateral and medial
lateral premotor cortex
linked movement to external cues
medial premotor cortex
drives movement based on internal decision
damage to lateral premotor cortex
visual cues don’t translate to correct movement
damage to medial premotor cortex
less sponatenous movment
internal cue
make brain command, followed by action
example of internal cue
hunger, seek food
external cue
event occur, causing reaction
example of external cue
loud noise, flinch
producing movment
sensory, FB plans, SC carries message to hand (CNS)
motor nerons, muscles, sensory receptors, sensory cortex (PNS)
SC, basal ganglia, cerebellum, sensory cortex
cerebellum function in producing movement
correct any errors
afferent
posterior, sensory info, entering
efferent
anterior, motor info, exiting
tract
bundle of neurons, CNS
nerve/fiber
PNS
gray matter
nonmyelinated
white matter
myelinated
prefrontal cortex
plans
premotor cortex overall function
organizes a sequence of movement
motor cortex
execute movement
cortical homunculus
monkey man with large lips and hands; show most sensitive areas
topographic organization
representation of body and sensation, body with lines
basal ganglia damage
hyperkinetic or hypokinetic
hyperkinetic and example
striatum damage; tourette and huntingtons
hyperkinetic symptoms
dyskinesia, uncontrollable, hard to inhibit behavior
dyskinesia
writhing and twitching
hypokinetic and example
general damage to BG; parkinson’s disease
volume control theory of basal ganglia
involved with the globus pallidus, increase or decrease understand type of control
hypokinetic symptoms
hard to initiate or carry out movement, slow or stiff
GPi increase (VCTofBG)
suppressed movement
GPi decrease (VCTofBG)
facilitate movement
mesolimbic dopamine-reward perception strucutres
nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area
nucleus accumbens
central to reward and pleasure
ventral tegmental area
midbrain, send signal (dopamine) to nucleus accumbens
cerebellum
balance and coordination, under occipital lobe
flocculus
balance and eye movement
lateral cerebellum
extremities movement
medial cerebellum
facial movement and posture