AbPsy - Drill 01

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

A disorder characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personality states or identities.

Sleepwalking Disorder

A sleep disorder in which a person gets out of bed and walks around during sleep.

Bulimia Nervosa

An eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors, such as purging.

Pica Disorder

An eating disorder characterized by the persistent eating of nonnutritive, nonfood substances.

Localized Amnesia

Failure to recall events during a circumscribed period of time.

Generalized Amnesia

Complete loss of memory for one's life history.

Continuous Amnesia

Inability to recall events from a specific time up to and including the present.

Anterograde Amnesia

Inability to form new memories after an event.

Trichotillomania

A disorder characterized by the recurrent pulling out of one's hair, resulting in noticeable hair loss.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

A disorder characterized by the presence of obsessions (recurrent, persistent thoughts, urges, or images) and/or compulsions (repetitive behaviors or mental acts).

Manic Disorder

A mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state.

Factitious Disorder

Disorder in which a person feigns or induces symptoms of illness, even in the absence of obvious external rewards.

Malingering

Deliberate faking of a physical or psychological disorder motivated by gain.

Hypomania

A less severe form of mania, involving elevated mood, increased activity, and other symptoms.

Altruistic Suicide

Suicide committed by individuals who are so integrated into their society that they kill themselves for the sake of their community.

Tourette's Disorder

A tic disorder involving multiple motor and vocal tics that have been present for at least one year.

Persistent Tic Disorder

A tic disorder involving either motor or vocal tics, but not both, that have been present for at least one year.

Provisional Tic Disorder

A tic disorder involving either motor or vocal tics that have been present for less than one year.

Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD)

A childhood disorder characterized by severe recurrent temper outbursts along with a persistent irritable or angry mood.

Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED)

A disorder characterized by recurrent behavioral outbursts representing a failure to control aggressive impulses.

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

A disorder characterized by a pattern of negativistic, defiant, and hostile behavior toward authority figures lasting at least six months.

Moro Reflex

A normal infant reflex in response to a sudden loss of support and involves three distinct components: spreading out the arms, unspreading the arms as if embracing and crying.

Paraphilia

Any intense and persistent sexual interest other than sexual interest with genital stimulation or preparatory fondling with phenotypically normal, physically mature, consenting human partners.

Paraphilic Disorder

A paraphilia that causes distress or impairment to the individual or causes harm or risk of harm to others.

Fragile X Syndrome

A genetic disorder caused by a mutation on the FMR1 gene on the X chromosome, leading to intellectual disability, behavioral problems, and distinctive physical features.

Histrionic Personality Disorder

A personality disorder characterized by excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior.

Schizoid Personality Disorder

A personality disorder characterized by detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expression.

Avoidant Personality Disorder

A personality disorder characterized by social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation.

Erotomanic Delusion

A delusion in which the individual believes that another person, usually of higher status, is in love with them.

Delusion

A false belief based on incorrect inference about reality that is firmly held despite what almost everyone else believes and despite what constitutes incontrovertible and obvious proof or evidence to the contrary.

Anhedonia

Inability to experience pleasure.

Alogia

Poverty of speech.

Avolition

A decrease in the motivation to initiate and perform self-directed purposeful activities.

Ego-dystonic

Refers to thoughts, feelings, or behaviors that are incongruent with one's self-concept.

Cotard's Syndrome

The delusional belief that one is dead, does not exist, is putrefying, or has lost his/her blood or internal organs.

Somatic Delusion

False belief that one's body is diseased or distorted.

Illness Anxiety Disorder

Preoccupation with having or acquiring a serious illness.

La belle indifference

A condition in which the person is unconcerned with symptoms caused by a conversion disorder.

Conversion Disorder

A disorder in which a person experiences physical symptoms that are inconsistent with or cannot be fully explained by any underlying neurological or medical condition.

Dysthymia

A form of depression that is not severe enough to be diagnosed as major depression.

Selective Amnesia

The inability to remember certain details of an event.

Tongue Thrust Reflex

Newborn reflex that forces the tongue forward.

Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder

A sexual dysfunction characterized by a persistent or recurrent deficiency or absence of sexual fantasies and desire for sexual activity.

Frotteuristic Disorder

A paraphilic disorder in which a person has recurrent urges to rub against nonconsenting people.

Voyeuristic Disorder

A paraphilic disorder in which a person has recurrent urges to observe unsuspecting individuals who are naked, disrobing, or engaging in sexual activity.

Borderline Personality Disorder

A personality disorder characterized by instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affect, and marked impulsivity.

Erotomanic Delusion

A delusion in which the individual believes that another person, usually of higher status, is in love with them.

Schizoaffective disorder

A continuous illness of at least 1 month duration with both symptoms of schizophrenia and a mood disorder.

Dyslexia

A learning disorder characterized by difficulty with reading.

Dysgraphia

A learning disability that involves difficulty in handwriting.

Dyscalculia

A specific learning disorder involving arithmetic.

Kleptomania

A recurrent failure to resist impulses to steal objects that are not needed for personal use or for their monetary value.

Simian Crease

A single crease across the palm of the hand, often associated with Down syndrome (Trisomy 21).

Preparedness Theory

evolutionary explanation that states we are more likely to fear phylogenetically relevant stimuli.

Major Depressive Episode

characterized by 5 or more of the following symptoms displayed nearly every day during the same 2 week period.

Catastrophizing

Exaggerated appraisal of a situation/event.

Comorbidity

The coexistence of two or more disorders.

Hallucination

Experiencing sensory events without any input from the surrounding environment.

Tangentality

Abrupt changing of focus to a loosely associated topic.

Circumstantiality

Speech that is delayed in reaching the point and contains excessive or irrelevant details.

Derailment

The shifting from one subject to another, without following any logical train of thought.

Thought-Action Fusion

The belief that thinking about something is equivalent to doing it.

Point Prevalence

The number of active cases of a disorder in a population at any given time.

Lifetime Prevalence

The total number of people in the population who have ever had the disorder.

Year-Prevalence

the number of active cases in a population during a given year