micro ch. 19 pearson

All of the following are true of hypersensitivity EXCEPT

it requires previous exposure to an antigen.

it is due to an altered immune response.

it occurs in the presence of an antigen.

it occurs when an individual is exposed to an allergen for the first time.

it is synonymous with "allergy."

it occurs when an individual is exposed to an allergen for the first time.

Which of the following may result from systemic anaphylaxis?

Hives

Asthma

Hay fever

Immunodeficiency

Systemic shock

Systemic shock

Which antibodies will be in the serum of a person with blood type B, Rh+?

anti-B

anti-A, anti-B, anti-Rh

anti-B, anti-Rh

anti-A

anti-A, anti-Rh

anti-A

The process of desensitization to prevent allergies involves the injection of increasing amounts of

IgE.

antihistamine.

antigen.

IgG.

RhoGAM.

antigen.

Which of the following statements about type I reactions is FALSE?

The symptoms occur soon after exposure to an antigen.

They involve IgE antibodies.

The symptoms are due to histamine.

Antibodies bind to mast cells and basophils.

They involve helper T cells.

They involve helper T cells.

Which of the following statements about type IV hypersensitivity reactions is false?

Reactions are not apparent for a day or more.

Allergic contact dermatitis is an example.

Hemolytic disease of the newborn is an example.

Reactions are primarily due to T cell proliferation.

Cytokines initiate tissue damage.

Hemolytic disease of the newborn is an example.

Hemolytic disease of the newborn can result from an

Rh+ mother with an Rh- fetus.

AB mother with a B fetus.

AB mother with an O fetus.

Rh- mother and an A fetus.

Rh- mother with an Rh+ fetus.

Rh- mother with an Rh+ fetus.

Which blood transfusions in the table are incompatible?

1, 2, and 3

2 and 5

1 and 2

3 and 4

2, 3, and 5

2, 3, and 5

Systemic anaphylaxis is the term for reactions caused when certain antigens combine with ________.

complement

IgG antibodies

histamine

IgE antibodies

macrophages

IgE antibodies

All of the following are considered examples of type I hypersensitivity EXCEPT

asthma.

transplant rejections.

severe reactions to insect venom.

dust allergies.

pollen allergies.

transplant rejections.

Symptoms of delayed cell-mediated reactions are due to

neutrophils.

IgG antibodies.

antigens.

IgE antibodies.

cytokines.

cytokines.

Which of the following is FALSE concerning type II (cytotoxic) hypersensitivity reactions?

IgE binds to mast cells or basophils.

They are responsible for transfusion reactions.

Macrophage activity may lead to additional cellular damage.

IgM and IgG antibodies bind to antigens on foreign cells.

IgE binds to mast cells or basophils.

Which type of hypersensitivity is allergic contact dermatitis?

Type I reaction

Type II reaction

Type III reaction

Type IV reaction

Type IV reaction

Which of the following is true concerning systemic anaphylaxis?

Systemic anaphylaxis frequently occurs as a result of exposure to inhaled allergens.

Anaphylactic shock results from an increase in blood pressure, which is caused by blood vessel constriction.

Injected antigens combine with IgE antibodies on the surface of certain cells, causing them to release histamines and other inflammatory mediators.

Asthma is a type of systemic anaphylaxis.

Injected antigens combine with IgE antibodies on the surface of certain cells, causing them to release histamines and other inflammatory mediators.

All hypersensitivities involve antibody-antigen reactions.

True

False

false

Rheumatoid arthritis is due to deposition of:

IgD and IgE complexes in joints

IgA antibodies in joints

IgG and IgA complexes in joints

Complement in joints

Complexes of IgM, IgG, and complement proteins in joints

Complexes of IgM, IgG, and complement proteins in joints

Which of the following describes a cytotoxic autoimmune reaction?

Antibodies react to cell-surface antigens.

Cells are killed.

Antibodies are not made.

Immune complexes form.

Mediated by T cells.

Antibodies react to cell-surface antigens.

In rheumatoid arthritis, IgM, IgG, and complement proteins are deposited and accumulated in joints. This is an example of ________.

cytotoxic autoimmunity

cell-mediated autoimmunity

immune complex autoimmunity

acquired immunodeficiency

immunosuppression

immune complex autoimmunity

Which autoimmune diseases and terms are mismatched?

Myasthenia gravis - blocked acetocholine receptors

Grave's disease - prevention of thyroid hormone production

Multiple sclerosis - myelin sheath destruction

Systemic lupus erythematosus - immune complex reactions

Rheumatoid arthritis - IgM binds Fc of IgG

Grave's disease - prevention of thyroid hormone production

Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system is unable to discriminate "self" from "non-self."

True

False

true

Treatment with certain drugs to reduce transplant rejection can cause

immunologic enhancement.

immunotherapy.

immunosuppression.

immunologic surveillance.

autoimmunity.

immunosuppression.

Which of the following is a possible outcome of an HIV infection?

Infection may initially be asymptomatic.

Virions may remain latent.

There may be persistent yeast infections.

The disease does not progress to AIDS.

All of the answers are correct.

All of the answers are correct.

Which of the following is a xenotransplantation product?

Transplantation of a kidney from a woman to her older brother

The replacement of a human’s heart valve with a pig’s heart valve

Transplantation of a kidney from a woman to her twin sister

Transplantation of tissue from one area on a person’s body to another

The replacement of a human’s heart valve with a pig’s heart valve

Which of the following is a possible outcome of an HIV infection?

Infection may initially be asymptomatic.

Virions may remain latent.

There may be persistent yeast infections.

The disease does not progress to AIDS.

All of the answers are correct.

All of the answers are correct.

Which of the following regions in the world have the highest incidents of HIV infection and AIDS?

Eastern Europe and Central Asia

Latin America

Sub-Saharan Africa

North America

South and Southeast Asia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Increases in the numbers of Kaposi's sarcoma and Pneumocystis pneumonia cases seen in the 1980s

are examples of newly discovered diseases.

were examples of emerging diseases correlating with an increased population experiencing loss of normal immune function.

were due to increased numbers organ transplantations.

were typical and expected.

were unusual phenomena due to climate change.

were examples of emerging diseases correlating with an increased population experiencing loss of normal immune function.

HIV is believed to have arisen by mutation of a virus endemic to wild animals in Africa.

True

False

True

Assuming Rh compatibility is present, individuals with which of the following blood types would be able to receive donor blood from any of the four blood types (A, B, AB, and O)?

A

AB

O

B

AB

A hypersensitivity reaction refers to the immune responses to antigens beyond what would be normal.

True

False

true