DSM-5 and Watters - NPD and ASPD

What is Criterion A for Narcissistic Personality Disorder: IDENTITY

Unstable self-esteem; self-worth depends on others' approval; exaggerated or fluctuating self-image.

What is Criterion A for Narcissistic Personality Disorder: SELF-DIRECTION

Goals driven by validation; unrealistic standards (too high or entitled); limited insight into motives.

What is Criterion A for Narcissistic Personality Disorder: EMPATHY

Poor understanding of others' feelings; attention to others only when self-relevant.

- I can make you sad but if I didn't, I don't get it

What is Criterion A for Narcissistic Personality Disorder: INTIMACY

Superficial relationships used to support self-esteem rather than genuine connection.

What is Criterion B for Narcissistic Personality Disorder

BOTH of these traits (Antagonism):

Attention Seeking AND Grandiosity

What is Criterion A for Antisocial Personality Disorder: IDENTITY

Egocentric; self-esteem based on power, pleasure, or personal gain.

What is Criterion A for Antisocial Personality Disorder: SELF-DIRECTION

Goals driven by gratification; lacks prosocial or ethical standards.

- not conforming to lawful or normative behaviour

What is Criterion A for Antisocial Personality Disorder: EMPATHY

No concern for others' feelings or suffering; no remorse after harm.

What is Criterion A for Antisocial Personality Disorder: INTIMACY

Exploitative relationships; uses deceit, dominance, or intimidation.

What is Criterion B for Antisocial Personality Disorder

At least 6 or 7 of the following:

Callousness, Deceitfulness, Hostility (NA, ANT), Manipulativeness, Impulsivity, Irresponsibility, Risk Taking

What is Criterion B for Antisocial Personality Disorder (Psychopathy Variant)

- lower anxiousness and withdrawal

- higher attention seeking

NO IRRESPONSIBILITY

What did Watters find the traits needed?

Both CONVERGENT validity and DISCRIMINANT VALIDITY

Convergent validity

Correct traits positively correlated with the disorder

Discriminant validity

other irrelevant traits NOT matched to the disorder

Watters vs DSM 5: Antisocial Personality Disorder CONVERGENT

Callousness, Deceitfulness, Manipulativeness, Impulsivity, Irresponsibility, Risk Taking

Watters vs DSM 5: Antisocial Personality Disorder DISCRIMINANT

Suspiciousness (NA, DET), Eccentricity, Perceptual Dysregulation, Unusual Beliefs

- violated discriminant validity

Watters vs DSM 5: Narcissistic Personality Disorder CONVERGENT

Grandiosity, Attention Seeking

Watters vs DSM 5: Narcissistic Personality Disorder DISCRIMINANT

Suspiciousness (NA, DET), Callousness, Deceitfulness, Hostility (NA, ANT), Manipulativeness, Impulisivity, Irresponsibility, Eccentricity, Perceptual Dysregulation, Unusual beliefs

What did Watters find?

Trait pattern overlap between NPD and ASPD are significant

- the two disorders are HIGHLY similar and may not actually be easily separated