sociology test

perspective

a particular point of view

Sociology

The scientific study of social structure

Social Structure

the patterned interaction of people in a relationship

sociological perspective

patterns of behavior shared by members of a group or society

sociological imagination

the ability to see the link between society and yourself

conventional social wisdom

ideas people assume are true

anthropology

studies customary beliefs and material traits of groups in preliterate society

closest to sociology

psychology

study of mind and behavior

investigates human mental and emotional processes

economics

studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services

Political

political science investigates all parts of government

history

studies past events in societies through newspapers and documents

functionalist perspective

emphasize the contributions made by society

• balance

• cooperation

• conflict=harmful

society rests on voluntary participation

parts of society working as a whole

society sees stability

most aspects of society contribute to well being and survival

how does this maintain order/stability?

conflict perspective

emphasizes the role of conflict, competition, change and constraint

central question — who gets what?

power

society has inconsistency and conflict everywhere

society is continually subjected to change

society involves constraint and coercion

who benefits? who loses? where’s the inequality?

symbolic interactionist perspective

symbols permit people to predict the behavior expected

dramaturgy(goffman) depicts human interactions as theatrical performances

focuses on the interaction among people based on mutually understood symbols

people learn to interpret the meanings of symbols from others

people base their interaction on interpretations

people can communicate because they share words, gestures, and physical objects

we are guided by what we think others expect from us

what symbols/meanings shape behavior here?

auguste comte

what is positivism and why is it still embraced within sociology?

improving society by studying and analyzing society—> made sociology it’s own full

father of sociology

positivism- applying the scientific method to the social world

karl marx

what does conflict theory focus on today?

the competition between groups for limited sources

W.E.B DuBois

how did dubois disprove false statements regarding race in the early 1900s?

points out various social inequalities backed by reason and stastistics

Max Weber

what is verstehen and why was it key to webers work?

the best part to understand an individual is someone who had been there—empathic—understand human behavior

emile durkheim

a cultural groups rules, roles, and norms

george herbert mead

how do the “i” and “me” influence each other?

the I responds to the me, the me seeks to understand and the i seeks to respond to the me

harriet martineau

topics addressed and why were they criticized?

marriage, children, race, domestic duties, and religion—>the status of women was controversial at this time

how to research societal topics?

observation

jane addams

how is she different from the rest in her approach?

she was a social reformer who took action when she saw ills in society

established social work

what did addams accomplish within her life that helped society?

looked to go to the source of poverty

stood up for labor norms

mandatory schooling for children

started the first juvenile court

c.w. mills

social imagination