transformer

devices that change the intensity of alternating voltage and current by mutual induction

electromagnetic devices which change an alternating current (AC) from low voltage to high voltage or from high voltage to low voltage without loss of an appreciable amount of electric energy

does not convert any form of energy into another

its main function is to change the magnitude of an alternating voltage.

consist of two coils, electrically insulated from one another.

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transformer

define as the coil to which the supply is connected

Primary Coil

Define as the coil from which the output is taken

Secondary Coil

If the tums ratio is greater than 1 the transformer is a

step up transformer

If the turns ratio is less than 1 the transformer is a

step down transformer

Resistance in the wires

I²R

Results from energy expended as the continually changing AC current magnetizes, demagnetizes, and remagnetizes the core material. A'lagging or retardation of the effect, when the forces acting upon a body are changed, as if from velocity or internal friction; a temporary resistance to change from a condition previously induced, observed in magnetism, thermoelectricity, etc., on reversal of polarity.

Hysteresis loss

currents that oppose the magnetic field that induced them.

Eddy Currents

This type of transformer used for increase the incident voltage. Number of turns in secondary coil is larger than the number of turns in primary coll.

A transformer having more turns in the secondary coil than in the primary coil.

The output voltage is higher than the input voltage.

The tums ration is greater than 1

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Step-up Transformer

This type of transformer used for decrease incident voltage. Number of turns in primary coil is larger than the number of turns in secondary coil.

A transformer having more turns in the primary coil than in the secondary coil.

The output voltage is lower than the input voltage.

The tums ration is less than 1

Step-down Transformer

it consists simply of 2 insulated coils lying side by side

Air core Transformer

a type of iron core that provide continuous path for the magnetic flux, so that a small fraction of the magnetic energy is lost by leakage

built about a square of core of ferromagnetic

Closed-core Transformer

The most advance type of transformer used as a commercial or power transformer

this is more efficient than the 3 transformers, as well as, the most currently used transformer

Shell-type Transformer

sometimes called autostep-down transformer

an electrical transformer with only one winding

often used to step up or down between voltages in the 110-117-120

volt range and voltages in the 220-230-240

Autotransformer

An electric circuit element used to store charge temporarily, consisting, in general, of two metallic plates separated and insulated from each other by a dielectric.

a device used to store and release electricity, usually as the result of a chemical action acts like a battery as both store electrical energy but it does not conduct electricity

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CAPACITORS

is a material that can sustain an electric field but does not conduct electric current because it is a non-conducting substance

Dielectric