Chapter 7/11

Skull and Facial Muscles

How many bones in the skull?

How many bones in the skull?

22

How many bones in the cranium?

8

How many bones in the face?

14

What suture is formed by the two parietal bones?

Sagittal suture

What suture is formed by the frontal and parietal bones?

Coronal suture

What suture is formed by the occipital and parietal bones?

Lambdoid suture

What suture is formed by the temporal and parietal bones?

Squamous suture

What is the zygomatic arch?

Articulation between zygomatic bone/zygomatic process and temporal process/temporal bone

What opening is on the frontal bone?

Supraorbital foramen

What opening is on the parietal bone?

Parietal foramina

What openings are in the temporal bone?

Carotid canal, external and internal acoustic meatus, mastoid foramen, stylomastoid foramen, jugular foramen (with occipital bone)

What openings are in the occipital bone?

Foramen magnum, hypoglossal canal, jugular foramen (with temporal bone)

What openings are in the sphenoid bone?

Foramen ovale, foramen rotundum, foramen spinosum, optic canal, superior orbital fissure, foramen lacerum (with temporal and occipital bones)

What opening is on the ethmoid bone?

Cribriform foramina

What cranial nerve passes through the cribriform plate?

Olfactory nerve (CNI)

What nerve passes through the optic canal?

Optic nerve (CNII)

What nerves pass through the superior orbital fissure?

• Oculomotor nerve (CNIII)

• Trochlear nerve (CNIV)

• Ophthalmic nerve (CNV1)

  Abducens nerve (CNVI)

What nerve passes through the foramen rotundum?

Maxillary nerve (CNV2)

What nerve passes through the foramen ovale?

Mandibular nerve (CNV3)

What nerves pass through the internal acoustic meatus?

• Facial nerve (CNVII)

• Vestibulocochlear nerve (CNVIII)

What nerves pass through the jugular foramen?

• Glosopharyngeal nerve (CNIX)

• Vagus nerve (CNX)

• Accessory nerve (CNXI)

What nerve passes through the hypoglossal canal?

Hypoglossal nerve (CNXII)

What are the functions of the paranasal sinuses?

• Lighten skull

• Mucous lining humidifies and warms inhaled air

• Resonant chambers for sound production while speaking

What bones form the superior border of the nasal complex?

Cribriform plate of ethmoid, parts of frontal and sphenoid

What bones form the inferior border of the nasal complex?

Maxillae and palatine bones

What bones form the lateral walls of the nasal complex?

Ethmoid, maxillae, inferior nasal conchae, palatine bones, and lacrimal bones

What bones form the lateral wall of the orbit?

Zygomatic, greater wing of sphenoid, and frontal bones

What bones form the posterior wall of the orbit?

Mainly sphenoid bone

What bones form the medial wall of the orbit?

Maxilla, lacrimal, and ethmoid bones

What bones form the floor of the orbit?

Mainly maxilla bone

What bones form the roof of the orbit?

Frontal bone and lesser wing of sphenoid bone

What are the features of the temporal bone?

• Mandibular fossa

• Mastoid air cells

• Mastoid process

• Petrous part

• Styloid process

• Squamous part

• Zygomatic process

What is the function of the mandibular fossa?

Articulates with mandible

What is the function of mastoid air cells?

Lighten mastoid process

What is the function of the mastoid process?

Attachment site of some neck muscles to extend or rotate head

What is the function of petrous part?

Protects sensory structures in inner ear

What is the function of styloid process?

Attachment site for hyoid bone ligaments and muscles

What is the function of the squamous part?

Attachment site of some jaw muscles

What is the function of the zygomatic process?

Articulates with zygomatic bone to form zygomatic arch

What is the action of the buccinator?

Compresses cheek, holds food between teeth during chewing

What is the action of the mentalis?

Protrudes lower lip

What is the action of the orbicularis oris?

Compresses and purses lips

What is the action of the risorius?

Retracts corners of mouth, as in a closed mouth smile

What is the action of the zygomaticus major and minor?

Elevates corner of the mouth - smile

What is the action of the corrugator supercilia?

Pulls eyebrows inferiorly and medially

What is the action of the orbicularis oculi?

Closes eye; produces winking, blinking, squinting