endocrine system

exocrine

exocrine

-has DUCTS, products secreted into duct and emptied onto epithelial surface ex: sweat, milk, digestive juice

endocrine

has NO duct, products formed are hormone released into blood

hypothalamus endocrine function

Regulates endocrine system

Sensitive to blood hormone levels

Releases regulatory hormones that stimulate anterior pituitary gland to release hormones

Synthesizes hormones that are sent to posterior pituitary gland

hypothalamus nervous function

Control emotional/behavioral drives

Regulate body temperature and day/night cycle

Controls autonomic nervous system that stimulates endocrine glands

adenohypophysis

anterior portion of pituitary, gland made from roof of mouth, produces and releases its own hormones

neurohypophysis

posterior portion of pituitary, made from nervous tissue, cant make its own hormones but releases ones made by hypothalamus

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

made by post pituitary, targets kidneys for water reabsorption, stimulates BV to constrict, and raises BP

oxytocin

made by post pituitary, causes uterine contracts during labor, pod feedback

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

made from ant pituitary, Stimulates thyroid gland to release this, influences metabolism

Growth hormone (GH)

made from ant pituitary, stimulates body cells to divide and enlarge and grow

Pituitary dwarfism

Low growth hormone through life, Small stature, Normal proportions and intellect

Gigantism

High growth hormone before puberty, Excessive growth of long bones, Some coarsening of facial features

Acromegaly

High growth hormone after puberty, excessive thickening of bone (appositional growth), affects Hands, feet, facial bones, and organs

Thyroxine (stimulated by TSH)

made by thyroid; Increases metabolic rate, O2, nutrient consumption, body temperature, energy

Calcitonin

Decreases blood calcium levels, Reduced bone breakdown, Increases bone production due to bone absorbing ca 2+

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Increases blood calcium level, Increases bone breakdown, Decrease bone production bc bone released ca2+

Insulin

made by pancreas; Decreased blood sugar (glucose) levels, targets body cells to take up glucose and store as glycogen

Glucagon

made by pancreas; ncreased blood sugar (glucose) levels, Signals liver/muscles to convert glycogen to glucose, Releases glucose into blood

Aldosterone (mineralcorticoid)

made by adrenal cortex: inc reabsorption of sodium, elavate bp

cortisol (glucocortacoid)

made by adrenal cortex; inc glycogen, inc inflammatory response

epinephrine/norepinephrine

made by adrenal medulla: sympathetic response

melatonin

made by pineal: targets hypothalamus for sleep-wake cycle