CS2212 Quiz 1

What are the Prescriptive Process models?

V-Model, Waterfall, Spiral, Prototyping, Unified Process

What are the Agile Process models?

Scrum, XP, DevOps, Evolutionary Process Flow, KanBan

What is software?

The logical element of a system.

What’s the main reason the failure rate of software increases with time?

Debugging becomes harder as program gets longer

What are the 7 kinds of software?

System, Application. Engineering, Embedded, Product-Line, Mobile/Web, AI

What are the 4 software engineering layers?

Tools, Methods, Process, Quality Control

What is system software?

Software that supports other software i.e. compilers

What is application software?

Programs that solve business needs i.e. Photoshop, Minecraft

What is engineering software?

Number crunching programs i.e. modeling consumer spending habits

What is embedded software?

Program that sits in a product i.e. key pad on microwave

What is product-line software?

Collection of similar software systems i.e. Microsoft 365

What are web applications? (software)

Programs delivered through your browser i.e. OWL

What are mobile applications? (software)

Programs for mobile devices

What is artificial intelligence software?

Programs that use artificial intelligence i.e. ChatGPT

Why do we spend so much effort maintaining existing programs?

Errors in delivered software must be fixed, changes to OS’s cause new errors, bad documentation takes longer to fix

What is the tools layer of software engineering?

Helps automate and support software engineering processes and methods

What is the methods layer of software engineering?

The technical how to’s when building the software.

What is the process layer of software engineering?

Details all the steps you take when writing the program

What is the quality layer of software engineering?

Quality software is important

What is a process?

A collection of activities and tasks to do

What are the 5 key activities in software engineering?

Communication, planning, modeling, construction, deployment

What is an action?

Covers a set of tasks that make a major work product.

What is a task?

A small well defined objective that make a tangible outcome

What is a framework vs umbrella?

Framework - Done one at a time in steps.
Umbrella - Done throughout process

What does UML stand for? And what is it?

Unified Modeling Language. A pictorial language

What is forward engineering?

Creating models and plans for a system you haven’t created.

What is agility?

Effective, fast response to change.

What are the 5 framework activities for the scrum model?

Requirements, analysis, design, evolution, delivery

How long does a sprint last? (Scrum model)

2-4 weeks

What are the small teams in the Scrum model made of?

Product owner, scrum master and dev team

What are the 5 types of scrum meetings?

Backlog refinement, sprint planning, daily, sprint review, sprint retrospective

What are the pros of scrum?

Product owner sets priorities, light documentation, good for frequent updating

What are the cons of scrum?

Hard to control cost of change, bad for big, non-expert teams

What are the 4 framework activities of XP (Extreme Programming?

Planning, design, coding, testing

XP Programming uses ___ programming

pair

What are the pros of XP Programming?

Lots of customer involvement, rational schedules, good dev collaboration

What are the cons of XP Programming?

Temptation to ship a prototype, needs frequent meetings, devs must be expert

What is the defining feature of the Kanban framework?

Uses a big board that shows tasks and their progress

What are the pros of Kanban?

Low budget and time needed, flexible

What are the cons of Kanban?

Dependent on collaboration, can cause devs to lose focus

What is the defining feature of the DevOps framework?

It has several stages that loop: development, testing, integration, deployment, monitoring

What are the pros of DevOps?

Fast, team has monitoring staff members

What are the cons of DevOps?

Very high maintenance, pressure to work on both old and new code, reliant on automated tools

What are requirements?

Statements that descrive the stakeholder’s needs and wants

What are functional vs non-functional requirements?

Functional - An action, system must do x
Non-Functional - A property, system must be x

What are the INVEST principles for good user stories?

Independent, negotiable, valuable, estimable, small, testable

What is an epic?

A set of related user stories, takes multiple sprints

What is a use case?

Varying length, detailed description of a system from an actor’s pov

What is a user story?

Short, simple descriptions detailed by user usually

What is the recommended process model for this course?

A hybrid of agile and spiral model.

What are the stages of the recommended model?

Requirements, design, estimate resources, make prototype, evaluate prototype, go, no go,

What 2 things should every prototype have?

Features visible to users (i.e. GUI) that makes it easy to test and backend to support those features

What is the waterfall model?

One activity flows into another, simplest model

What is the V-Model?

Basically the waterfall model but folded, has a bunch of testing at the end tho

What is the prototyping process model?

Iterative model, focuses on making quick prototypes

What is the spiral model?

Iterative model, combines simplicity of waterfall and quick prototypes of prototype process

What is the unified process model?

Iterative model, uses a lot of UML diagrams, heavy documentation, good for maintenance projects

What are the pros and cons of Waterfall/V model?

Pros: Simple, good for small projects
Cons: No way to go back and customer involvement happens at the end

What are the pros and cons of prototyping process model?

Pros: Frequent customer involvement, if requirements change, it’s ok
Cons: Frequent involvement can cause delays, temptation to ship prototype

What are the pros and cons of the spiral model?

Pros: Frequent customer involvement, works for big projects
Cons: Hard to manage, needs a good team

What are the pros and cons of the unified process model?

Pros: Good documentation, good for maintenance projects

Cons: Maybe too much documentation, needs a good team

What is the defining feature of unified process model?

Recognizes the importance of customer communication

What did George Polya say was the essence of software engineering practice?

Understand problem, plan solution, do plan, examine result