LIT 10 - Psychoanalytic Criticism

- Father of Modern Psychology

- May 6, 1856, Moravia, Austrian Empire

Sigmund Freud

Free association of ideas: repression, ideas, dreams, structure of the psyche

Sigmund Freud

What is Freud's Iceberg Theory

What is the Tripartite Psyche

fulfillment of biological desires

ID

pleasure of principle

ID

Reservoir of the libido

ID

source of our mental processes and psychosexual desires

ID

Irrational, immoral, source of human violence

ID

- controls ID impulse

- Morality Principle

- Idealized self-image

- Pride and guilt

- Born out of social norms

SUPEREGO

the middle in between of ID and Superego

EGO

responsible for preventing dangerous actions by ID

EGO

the rational and develops after ID. Also socially exposed

EGO

calls on various defense mechanisms

EGO

Defense mechanisms is by ?

Anna and Sigmund Freud

- pushes threatening thoughts back into thr unconscious

- phobia

Repression

refusing to acknowledge anxiety provoking stimuli

Denial

process of pushing threatening impulses by overemphasizing the opposite in one's thoughts and actions

Reaction Formation

anxiety arousing impulses are externalized by placing them onto others

Projection

shifting of the target of one's unconscious fears or desires, usually to someone or something weaker than them

Displacement

- "After the fact" logical explanations for behaviors that were actually driven by internal unconscious motives

- Everyone and everything but you

Rationalization

return to an earlier safer stage of our lives

Regression

- transforming dangerous urges and thoughts into positive, socially acceptable motivations

- Life mission

- The only acceptable defense mechanism according to Freud, as it leads to constructive and positive outcomes

Sublimation

human personality develops through a series of stages

Freud's Theory of Psychosexual Development

each is centered around the satisfaction of physical or psychic needs

Freud's Theory of Psychosexual Development

- Pleasure Principle

- mouth

- libidinal bond

- overly dependent upon others, gullible

Oral Stage (0-1)

have a stronger tendency to do bad things

Oral receptive

fight urges and develop pessimism and aggression towards others

Oral agressive

Reality Principle

- anus

- a child's pleasure in defecation, a new contrast between activity and passivity

Anal Stage (1-3)

obsession with cleanliness or perfection or control

Anal Retentive

messy and unorganized

Anal Expulsive

- genitals: penis or clitoris

- pleasure of genital stimulation connected to reproduction

- identification with the same-sex parent

- can lead to issues with sexual identity, vanity, recklessness, or problems with authority

Phallic Stage (3-5)

- around 5 yrs old: develop a sense of maleness/femaleness

-sexual attraction towards mom

- fear and rivalry towards the father

- successful completion of the phallic stage

Oedipus Complex

- Penis Envy: recognizes the penis as the superior

- turns to the project of seducing her father

- distancing oneself from the mother

Oedipus (electra) Complex

to solve electra complex

- identifies with mother

- assumes her feminine gender role

no straightforward resolution

Dark Continent

- social environment: family, friends, and school

- how to channel its sexual feelings into socially acceptable forms of behavior

Latency Period (5-12)

- desires towards others

- transfer of fixations from earlier stages

- gender roles: reinforced

- authority: accepted

- satisfaction: postponed

- family and friends: reproduced

Genital ( 12 - adulthood)

driven by sexual pleasure

libidinal bond