HOSA "Dental Terminology" - Chapter 2

Sinus

Air pocket or cavity in a bone that lightens the bone, warms air intakes and helps form sounds

Accessory paranasal sinuses

Frontal, Ethmoid, Sphenoid, Maxillary

Suture

Line where two or more bones unite in an immovable joint

Four main sutures

Coronal, Sagittal, Lambdoid, Temporoparietal

Process

Projection of outgrowth of bone or tissue

Eight main processes related to dentistry:

Alveolar, Condyloid, Frontal, Infraorbital, Mastoid, Pterygoid, Styloid

Foramen

Opening or hole in the bone for nerve and vessel passage

The importance of knowing foramina locations

Many injection sights of anesthesia are placed in these areas

Nine main foramina related to dentistry:

Magnum, Mandibular, Mental, Lingual, Incisive, Supraorbital, Infraorbital, Palatine, Zygomaticofacial

Three types of oral mucosa:

Specialized, lining, masticatory

Four muscles of mastication

Temporal, Masseter, Internal pterygoid, External pterygoid

Most significant pair of cranial nerves related to dentistry:

V - Trigeminal

Four important structures in the oral cavity:

Labia (lips), Frenum (triangular tissue that connects lip & cheek to mouth), Glossa (tongue), Palates,

Twelve pairs of cranial nerves (in ORDER):

Olfactory, optic, oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear, glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal

What is the name of the first nerve pair and what is it's function?

I - Olfactory, smell (Sensory)

What is the name of the second nerve pair and what is it's function?

II - Optic, vision (Sensory)

What is the name of the third nerve pair and what is it's function?

III - oculomotor, upper eyelid & eyeball movement (Motor)

What is the name of the fourth nerve pair and what is it's function?

IV - Trochlear, eye movement & sensation (Motor)

What is the name of the fifth nerve pair and what is it's function?

V - Trigeminal, dental and facial nerve (Sensory & Motor)

What is the name of the sixth nerve pair and what is it's function?

VI - Abducens, lateral eye sense & movement (Motor)

What is the name of the seventh nerve pair and what is it's function?

VII - Facial, taste sense & facial expression (Motor)

What is the name of the eighth nerve pair and what is it's function?

VIII - Vestibulocochlear, equilibrium & hearing (Motor)

What is the name of the ninth nerve pair and what is it's function?

IX - Glossopharyngeal, taste sensation, swallowing (Motor)

What is the name of the tenth nerve pair and what is it's function?

X - Vagus, blood pressure, heart rate, digestion (Motor)

What is the name of the eleventh nerve pair and what is it's function?

XI - Accessory, body sensation, muscles of shoulders (Motor)

What is the name of the first twelfth pair and what is it's function?

XII - Hypoglossal, body sensation, tongue movement in speech & swallowing (Motor)