HOSA dental terminology Dental specialties

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

involves the diagnosis

Cosmetic Dentistry

any dental work that improves the appearance (though not necessarily the function) of a person's teeth

Pediatric Dentistry

dedicated to the oral health of children from infancy through the teen years. They have the experience and qualifications to care for a child's teeth

Dental Laboratory

The technicians at the dental lab use the molds to make models

Prosthodontics

the branch of dentistry concerned with the design

Endodontics

The specialty concerning the pathology and morphology of the dental pulp and surrounding tissue

Orthodontics

branch of dentistry that corrects teeth and jaws that are positioned improperly.

Periodontics

The specialty concerning diagnosing and treating the tissue surrounding the tooth (gum disease aka periodontal disease)

The mandible is formed by two bones fusing at the

coronoid notch

condyles

a rounded projection on a bone

ramus

The posterior ascending portion of the mandible.

modified stillman brushing technique

Bristles are pointed apically with an oblique angle to the long axis of the tooth • Bristles placed on the cervical aspect of the teeth • Short back and forth motion moved in a coronal direction.

Clasp

Extension of partial framework that grasps the adjoining teeth to provide support and retention of the prosthesis.

faci

face

ab-

away from

alveol-

tooth socket

-algia

pain

ante-

front

path-

disease

pan-

all

temporal

on side of skull

traum-

wound

-trophy

development

-plasia

developing

palat-

roof of mouth

-otomy

incision

Temporal

Two fan shaped bones

Parietal

Two bones

Occipital

One large

Ossicles

Small bones in the ear

Hyoid

A horseshoe shaped bone lying at the base of the tongue. does NOT articulate with any other bone.

Sagittal

The union line between the two parietal bone on the top of the skull.

Alveolar

Bone growth or border of the maxilla and the mandible makes up and forms the tooth sockets.

Explorer

To examine teeth for decay

Hand-Pieces: Slow Speed w/Prophy-Angle Attachment

To polish teeth with prophylaxis/prophy cup or brush attachment

cathode

electrode in the vacuum tube that serves as the electron source

filter

aluminum disks that are placed between the collimator attachment and the exit window of the tube to absorb weak radiation

Roentgen (R)

the basic unit of exposure to radiation (international unit is coulomb per kilogram [C/kg])

odontalgia

tooth ache

pedodontist

dentist specializing in the care of the teeth and oral tissues of the child patient from infancy through adolescence

malocclusion

imperfect occlusion of the teeth

Oral and maxillofacial surgeon

dentist who has complete additional oral surgical studies of 2 - 3 years with hospital internship and residency program

Forceps

"pincers for seizing

comprised of: handle

neck

come in R/L/universal

Scalpel

small surgical knife used to cut open/excise tissue

made of plastic/metal

blades designed to perform in a certain area or procedure and are numbered according to design/shape

Bone file

used to smooth off irregular bone edges left from extracted teeth or from bone restructure

heavier and thicker than most files

consists of serrated file edges and diff head sizes placed on opposite side

Elevators

break the periodontal ligament

Periosteal elevator

"concerning the periosteum" used to loosen the periosteum tissue from the bone or detach the tissue around the cervix of the tooth and to retract tissue in the surgical site

Periosteotome

"cutting tissue around the bone" periosteal elevator

Exolever elevator

"device to raise or elevate" used to elevate or luxate a tooth from its natural socket

tips are designed to be used in mesial/distal and max/mand area

Apical elevator

"root tip elevator" used to elevate/pick out fractured root tip remains

these elevators have thin handles and longer shanked tips than other tooth elevators

Hemostat

"device or drug used arrest blood flow" scissors-style device with a locking joint and serrated beaks used to clamp off or to hold onto and transfer

Needle holder

similar to a hemostats but nose of instrument is rounded and blunted with serrated edges inside its beaks

these edges are placed in a crisscross pattern to assist with holding suture needles

Aspirating tips

used to aspirate sockets

suction tips with longer handles and narrower tip openings

disposable/metal

Suture scissors

smaller scissors with one curved

Bandage scissors

scissors used to cut material and dressings during surgery

have one longer

blunted blade or tip to insert under material

Bone chisel

used to chip away bone and apply force needed to break impacted molar teeth which will be removed in sections

longer

thicker

avail. in small/medium/large blade-widths

Mallet

"surgical hammer" used to apply pressure to chisels

Curette

hand instrument with a spoon-shaped face that is inserted in the socket/surgical site to scrap out infection and debris

Retractor

"draw back"

Tissue retractor

used to retract and hold tissue hemostat type of device with notched tips to hold tissue or claw-like blade with holding tips

Cheek retractor

bent wire shaped device with curved handles used to scoop and hold cheek tissue

Tongue retractor

scissors-type instrument with longer shaft and padded/serrated edges to hold tongue

Mouth prop

"mouth block" pieces of hard wedge-shaped rubbed that holds mouth open during procedure

Suture

"closure" used to close up a wound or incision

Surgical bur

used to remove bone to expose root tips/score and divide teeth in preparation for forced sectioning and removal

similar to dental burs but larger

Single extraction

removal of one tooth during a procedure

Impacted teeth

tooth fails to erupt

covered with tissues of the periodontium or bone

Horizontal impaction

tooth is horizontally tilted

Vertical impaction

tooth is in upright position but in close proximity to or under the crown of a nerby tooth

Distoangular impaction

crown of the tooth is slanted toward the distal surface and is covered by tissue/bone

Mesioangular impaction

crown of the tooth is mesially tilted and covered by tissue/bone

Transverse impaction

tooth is situated sideways to the adjacent teeth an occlusal plane

Multiple extraction

two or more teeth removed during one procedure

requires alveolar bone crests to be removed and smooth to prepare the ridges for denture or appliance wear

Full mouth extraction

removal of all remaining teeth in the oral cavity

Alveolitis

"infection/inflammation of the alveolar process" may be due to alveolectomy

Dry socket

loss of the natural blood clotting process-painful

Gingivectomy

surgical excision of the unattached gingival tissue

Gingivoplastomy

surgical recountour of the gingival tissues

Periodontal flap surgery

"surgical excision and removal of pocket or tissue extensions"

Pericoronitis

"operculitis" inflammation of the gingiva surrounding the crown of a tooth

caused by impacted tooth

Frenectomy

"surgical removal or resectioning of a frenum"

Incision and drainage (I&D)

performed for a periodontal abscess