structure of brain

parts, bones, arteries of brain

name the four lobes of the cerebrum & function

frontal - motor control; language; emotion

parietal - somatic sensory = somatosensory

temporal = memory; hearing

occipital = vision

name the three regions of the brainstem

midbrain

pons

medulla oblongata

why is white matter white

because it contains large numbers of myelinated axons and because myelin is made of lipid it appear whiter than surrounding brain tissue.

primary motor cortex can found in what gyrus

precentral gyrus

primary somatosensory cortex can be found in what gyrus

postcentral gyrus

name the bones of the cranium

frontal (1)

parietal (2)

occipital (1)

temporal (2)

sphenoid (1)

ethmoid (1) - only visible internally

name the bones of the facial skeleton

zygomatic (2)

maxillary (2)

mandible (1)

what are the three layers of meninges

dura mater

arachnoid

pia mater

name the four features of the dura mater

1. outer layer of meninges (next to skull - brown paper)
2. two layers
3. tough/fibrous
4. makes dural folds which seperate hemispheres nam

name four features of the arachnoid layer (tissue paper)

1. layer beneath the dura mater
2. layer above the Pia mater 
3. makes the subarachnoid space
4. has blood vessels what

what are the three features that describe the subarachnoid space (glitter)

1. underneath arachnoid layer and above Pia mater
2. filled with cerebrospinal fluid
3. layer of fluid which protects brain by providing fluid/gel cushion - absorbs energy name

name four features of the Pia mater (gladwrap)

1. inner layer of meninges, contacts surface of the brain
2. transparent and delicate
3. blood vessels sit on top
4. goes down into the contours of the brain

what are the ventricles of the brain

network of interconnected spaces within the brainwh

what are the ventricles filled with

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) which nourishes and protects the brain

what is the name of the cells inside of the ventricles

ependymal cells how

how does the CSF circulate through the ventricles

ependymal cells - wave like structures called cilium (plural - cilia)

what are the major blood vessels bringing oxygenated blood to the brain

1. basilar artery
2. interbal carotid arteries (R & L)

what artery provides blood to the posterior 1/3 of the brain

basilar artery

what arteries provide blood to the anterior 2/3 of the brain

carotid arteries (R & L)

what happens in a stroke

blood supply to the brain is interrupted → reduced oxygen to brain cells → brain cells die

what are the two main ways blood supply can be interrupted

vessels blocked

aneurysm (burst vessels)