Veterinary Medicine/Animal Nutirition

Integument

Skin/hooves, claws, hair

Epidermis

outermost layer, protective layer, sensory

Dermis

middle layer, hair follicles, blood vessels, nerves, glands

Subcutis (SQ)

mostly fat, provides insulation, many injections are given here

Hair/Fur

projection of the epidermis, made of keratin, distinct in mammals, varies in color, length, density and shape

Nails and Hooves

specialized skin overlying bone of last digit, hardened to provide contact with ground, used for proteciton, fighting, and eating

2 specialized integument

1.) foot pads - extra thick skin on carnivor feet

2.) whiskers - hairs that provide sensory info

Primary function of integument

Used as a barrier

Other functions of the Integument

sensory, thermoregulation, communication, vitamin D production

Axial Skeleton

skull, vertebrae, sternum, ribs

Vertebrae # (Dogs and Cows)

7 cervical, 13 thoracic, 7 lumbar, 3 sacral, variable coccygeal

Ribs # (Dogs and Cows)

13 paired ribs

Vertebrae # (horses)

7 cervical, 18 thoracic, 6 lumbar, 5 sacral, variable coccygeal

Ribs # (Horses)

18 paired ribs

Thoracic Limb

Scapula, Humerus, radius, ulna, carpal bones, metacarpals, digits

Pelvic Limb

Pelvis, femur, tibia, fibula, tarsal bones, metatarsals, digits