Period 3 ID's

Half-Way Covenant

Half-Way Covenant

Congregational Church gave more people citizenship

First Great Awakening

First mass social movement, challenged authority

Jonathan Edwards

Old Light Minister; wrote “Sinners In the Hands of an Angry God”, transatlantic print

George Whitefield

New Light Minister; converted thousands of people

Old Light Vs New Light

Indoctrination vs Education

Enlightenment

Social movement in Europe regarding natural rights, spread to the NW through transatlantic print

Peter Zenger Trial

Freedom of the press

French and Indian War

AKA 7 years war, caused by colonists wanting to expand westward into Ohio River Valley

Pontiacs War

NAI fight the British for land following the French and Indian War

Proclamation Line

British don’t allow Colonists to settle west of the Appalachians due to violent NAI

Stamp Act

Colonists have to pay taxes on papers, affected rich people mainly

Boston Massacre

Colonists provoke British redcoats by attacking them with rocks, redcoats retaliate with muskets. Colonist Propaganda

Boston Tea Party

Sons of Liberty throw one million worth of British East India Company tea into the Boston harbor

Intolerable Acts

1. Boston Port Act

2. Massachusetts Government Act

3. Administration of Justice Act

4. Quartering Act

5. Quebec Act

Boston port act

Closed the Boston port until reparations were paid

Massachusetts Government Act

Governor of Mass. replaced with British General Gage

Administration of Justice Act

No trial by jury for trials in Nova Scotia, trials held in England

Quartering Act

Forces colonists to allow soldiers to stay in their home

Quebec Act

Expanded Quebec and made the region Catholic

Lexington and Concord

British seize gunpowder and arrest Sons of Liberty, Paul Revere warns people, Shots fired

Olive Branch Petition

Restate loyalty to Britain, indictment of intolerable acts

Common Sense

Thomas Paine writes book about why we should leave

Declaration of Independence

Written by TJ, seceding from GB, lists British infractions

Battle of Saratoga

Colonists surprise and beat the British, France sees and is impressed so they start sending troops

Treaty of Paris (1763)

Ended the French and Indian War

Treaty of Paris (1783)

Ended the American Revolution, GB recognizes Colonies as it’s own separate entity.

Wars For Empire (1689-1754)

Drained British reserves so they start taxing colonies heavily

William Pitt

Invests money into the colonies to fight the French and Indian War

James Wolfe

Won the battle of Quebec

George Washington

Leader of the continental army, first president

Benjamin Franklin

Went to France to get money, very successful

Acadians

People living in Nova Scotia, kicked it out by the British

Albany Congress

Meeting to unite the colonies and native american tribes to fight the French in the French and Indian war

War for Jenkins Ear

War for empire

Sugar Act (1764)

No buying sugar from France, only from GB

Quartering act 1st and 2nd

1. Colonists had to give soldiers a place to sleep

2. Colonists had to give soldiers a bed, food, anything they wanted basically

Stamp Act Congress

Congress to talk about next steps after the Stamp Act, formed the SOL and DOL

SOL and DOL

Groups formed to counter British taxation

Admiralty Courts

Those breaking the navigational acts were tried in nova scotia

Non-Importation agreemants

No trading for British goods

Declaratory Act

GB act that stated that they still remained in complete control over the colonists

Townshend act

Glass, paper, tea, paint, and silk

Tea Act

Forced the colonists to buy British East India Company Tea

Committees of correspondence

Colonist government to oppose British tyranny

The association

Document that called for the complete boycott of British goods

First Continental Congress

Delegates from 12/13 colonies that met in Philadelphia to determine how to respond to the Intolerable acts

Second Continental Congress

Delegates from all 13 colonies act as a de facto government

Franco-American Alliance

France allies with the colonists after the battle of Saratoga

Armed Neutrality

European powers were neutral yet willing to become hostile with Britain

Battle of Yorktown (1781)

Ended with British surrender

Thomas Paine

Wrote “Common Sense”

Valley Forge

Where George Washington and his men hunkered down during the winter of 1777

John Hancock

President of the second continental congress

George Grenville

British PM; enforced the Navigation laws and instated the sugar act

Charles Townshend

British PM responsible for the Townshend acts

Crispus Attucks

First person killed in the Boston Massacre

George III

British King during the American Revolution

Samuel Adams

Leader of the Massachusetts assembly

John Adams

Lawyer and member of the continental congress

John Dickinson

Author of Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania and founding father

Thomas Jefferson

Wrote the Declaration of Independence and 3rd POTUS

Patrick Henry

“Give me liberty or give me death”

Marquis de Lafayette

French General that aided the colonists

Baron von Steuben

Prussian Military officer that trained the colonial militia

Hessians

German mercenaries hired by King George III to fight the colonists

Lord Dunmore

British Governor that encouraged slaves to run away and fight for the British in exchange for their freedom

Benedict Arnold

Colonial general that eventually betrays the colonists

Abigail Adams

John Adams’s wife and DOL leader

Remember the ladies

Abigail Adams asks her husband to give woman some autonomy

Richard Henry Lee

President of the continental congress

General Cornwalis

British General that lost at Yorktown

Comte de Rochambeau

French general that aided the Colonials

Admiral de Grasse

French Naval commander, aided the colonists in Yorktown which led to Cornwallis’s surrender

Treaty of Fort Stanwyk

Treaty between colonists and NAI to stop attacking each other; first American Treaty