unit 4 AP comp gov

single-member district

An electoral district in which voters choose one representative or official.

multimember district

a method of selecting representatives in which more than one person is chosen to represent a single constituency

proportional representation system

an election system for a legislature in which citizens vote for parties, rather than individuals, and parties are represented in the legislature according to the percentage of the vote they receive

party list system

An electoral voting system where voters are given a list of candidate by party. Voters choose a party.

The party receive a proportion of the seats equal to the number of votes the party received.

first-past-the-post system

An electoral system where the candidate with the most votes wins regardless of whether that person has a majority of the votes cast; there is no runoff election.

runoff election

a "second round" election in which voters choose between the top two candidates from the first round

one party system

A political system in which only one party exists

multiparty system

A system in which three or more political parties have the capacity to gain control of government separately or in coalition.

catch-all political parties

often the dominant party in a dominant party system that earns support from groups with different characteristics, attracting popular support with ideologically diverse platforms

pluralism

decentralized interest group systems where multiple groups may represent a single interest, membership is voluntary, and interest groups are clearly separated from government

corporatism

a political system in which interest groups become an institutionalized part of the state or dominant political party;public policy is typically the result of negotiations among representatives of the state and key interest groups

single peak associations

a type of interest group that commonly represents professional or commercial groups and helps establish standards for that profession or industry

National Electoral Institute (INE)

an autonomous government agency empowered to organize and implement Mexico's elections to ensure fairness and competitiveness