BIOL-422- Project A-Questions

What kind of animal carriers Borrelia burgdorferi?

a. snake

b. mouse

c. opossum

d. skunk

b. mouse

True/False? All ticks carry the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi and can transmit it

False

After attachment, how long does it take for Lyme disease to transmit?

36-48 hrs

What are some of symptoms of Lyme disease? Select all that apply.

a. nausea

b. bulls eye rash

c. hot flashes

d. headache

e. fatigue

b. bulls eye rash

d. headache

e. fatigue

One way to prevent Lyme disease is by using insect repellent containing _____.

deet

What is the scientific name for the fungus responsible for cryptococcosis?

a. Cryptococcus neoformans

b. Cryptococcosis neoformans

c. Cryptococcosis gattii

d. Cryptococcus gattii

Cryptococcus sinusitis

a. Cryptococcus neoformans

d. Cryptococcus gattii

What fruit was Cryptococcosis first derived from?

peach

What is the main organ effected by cryptococcosis?

a. heart

b. lungs

c. brain

d. kidneys

e. liver

b. lungs

People with what chronic condition are most effected by cryptococcosis?

AIDS

What are the symptoms of cryptococcosis? Select all that apply.

a. fever

b. seizing

c. vomiting

d. Cryptococcal meningitis

e. headache

a. fever

c. vomiting

d. Cryptococcal meningitis

e. headache

There three main ways of prevention/treatment of Cryptococcosis, name them.

targeted screening

prophylaxis

use of antifungals

How is the fungus of Cryptococcosis transmitted?

a. sexually transmitted

b. food/water transmission

c. respiratory transmission

d. animal/parasitic transmission

c. respiratory transmission

What cells decrease when fighting off an cryptococcosis infection?

Th2-type cells

Name a few cells that increase which fighting off an Cryptococcosis infection?

IL-4 receptors

IL-17 production

Th1-type T-cells

Th1-Type B-cells

CD11c+

Gr-1+

What kind of pathogen causes scarlet fever?

a. virus

b. bacterium

c. fungus

d. parasite

a. virus

Scarlet fever is most seen in children ____ through ____ years old.

5;15

Which of the following is common symptom of scarlet fever?

a. yellowing of the skin an eyes

b. blue-colored lips

c. a red, sandpaper-like rash

d. swelling of the joints

c. a red, sandpaper-like rash

Select all of the following statements that are true regarding scarlet fever:

a. it can lead to more serious conditions if untreated

b. it is caused by a virus

c. it is treated with antibiotics

d. it can be prevented with a vaccine

a. it can lead to more serious conditions if untreated

c. it is treated with antibiotics

Scarlet fever is an infection caused by the ______ bacteria.

group A streptococcus

How is scarlet fever primarily transmitted? Select all that apply.

a. ingestion of contaminated food

b. mosquito bites

c. respiratory droplets from an infected person

d. direct contact with infected sores

c. respiratory droplets from an infected person

d. direct contact with infected sores

The characteristic tongue appearance in a patient with scarlet fever is described as a ______ tongue.

strawberry

Which of the following tests can doctors use to diagnose infections such as the one causing scarlet fever?

a. urine analysis

b. blood pressure measurement

c. rapid strep test and throat cultures

d. electrocardiogram (ECG)

c. rapid strep test and throat cultures

True/False? Scarlet fever is usually treated with Amoxicillin or Penicillin.

True

Bacterial pneumonia enters the lungs via the ______ tract.

respiratory

Which of the following can increase a person’s susceptibility to bacterial pneumonia?

a. poor nutrition

b. smoking

c. alcohol abuse

d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Which of the following are symptoms of bacterial pneumonia? Select all that apply.

a. bradycardia

b. chest pain

c. shortness of breath

d. confusion

e. decrease body temperature

f. headache

b. chest pain

c. shortness of breath

d. confusion

f. headache

True/False? In addition to lung damage, patients with bacterial pneumonia may also have heart, kidney and/or liver damage.

True

True/False? Leprosy is an acute disease that affects the skin and nerves.

False

What bacteria causes leprosy?

Mycobacterium leprae

Which are the common signs and symptoms of leprosy? Select all that apply.

a. numbness of nerves

b. discoloration of skin

c. fever

d. arm falls off

c. swelling

e. frostbite

f. weakness

g. ulcers

a. numbness of nerves

b. discoloration of skin

c. swelling

f. weakness

g. ulcers

What animal is known to carry leprosy?

armadillos

What cells play a large role in fighting off the pathogen, in adaptive immunity?

Th1-Th2 (helper t-cells)

What bacteria causes diphtheria?

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

True/False? Vaccination is not an effective form of prevention for diphtheria.

False

Buildup of dead tissue that causes difficulty breathing is known as _____.

a. clot

b. pseudomembrane

c. trachea

d. scar tissue

b. pseudomembrane

In severe cases, Diphtheria can cause ______.

neuropathy and kidney damage

True/False? The diphtheria bacterium creates its own toxin.

True

True/False? African sleeping sickness is caused by an extracellular bacterial infection.

False; protozoan

True/False? The Trypanosome Bruce parasite has more than one way of inhibiting the host immune system.

True

True/False? There is a vaccine cure for African sleeping sickness.

False

What are the hallmarks of African sleeping sickness?

a. rash, bleeding gums, and chills

b. increased sweating, fear of water, increase appetite

c. chancre, insomnia at night, drowsiness during the day

d. diarrhea, stomach pain, bloodshot eyes

c. chancre, insomnia at night, drowsiness during the day

What would be an effective tactic to avoid contracting African sleeping sickness?

a. wearing long pants and long sleeves

b. avoiding places with Tsetse flies

c. using insect repellent

d. all are effective tactics

d. all are effective tactics

What medications treat herpes?

antivirals

During a herpes outbreak what immune system is the first responder?

innate

What is the common symptom of herpes?

blisters

Herpes is a ______ transmitted disease.

sexually

Which type of herpes can caused by two types of viruses?

genital

_____ is the 2nd most common sexually transmitted infection caused by a bacterium.

a. herpes

b. chlamydia

c. gonorrhea

d. syphilis

c. gonorrhea

Gonorrhea is caused by what strain of bacteria?

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

True/False? Gonorrhea can be transmitted from mother to child.

True

What are the common symptoms of gonorrhea that appear in both men and women? (select all that apply)

a. burning/painful urination

b. testicle swelling

c. bleeding between periods

d. discharge

a. burning/painful urination

d. discharge

Gonorrhea can lead to an increase in what type of blood cells?

a. neutrophils

b. basophils

c. eosinophils

d. leukocytes

a. neutrophils

What is the common name for a dermatophytosis infection?

ringworm