Biological Science Quiz Reviewer

Topic 1 - INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE

is the study of living things; it is the science of life.

Biological Science

Life refers to the __________ and ___________ which distinguish a plant and animal from inorganic matter or dead organisms

properties, conditions

we define dead as ___________

deprived of life

All living things are called

organisms

According to this view, living things exist because they have been filled with Special Forces called ethers

Vitalism

Known as Abiogenesis theory.

The process by which life begins when ethers enter non-living things and life started with anything without life

Spontaneous Generation Theory

The belief that we were created by GOD in HIS own image.

Divine Creation Theory

• Cell is the basic unit of life.

• All organisms are made up of cells.

• All cells came from pre-existing cells.

The Cell Theory

He concluded that all cells come from preexisting cells.

Rudolf Virchow

he established the concept of the cell theory , that according to him cell is like an empty chamber of monasteries.

Robert Hooke

he introduced Microscope

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

Matthias Schleiden

Botanist

Theodore Schwann

Zoologist

Both living and non living obey the laws of Physics and Chemistry

Mechanism

It is the principle that life comes only from life

Biogenesis Theory

the basic and functional unit of life

Cell

Skin

Epithelial Tissue

Bones, ligaments, joints, Tendons, blood, fats (adipose)

Connective Tissue

Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac Muscle

Muscle Tissue

Neurons and Glial Cells

Nerve Cell

both organisms benefited in the relationship

Mutualism

the type of relationship where one organism benefits while other organism is unharmed or unaffected.

Commensalism

is a relationship where organism is harmed or killed while the other benefits

Predation

one organism acts as a parasite and a host that nourishes the parasites

Parasitism

the parasite lives outside the body of the host

Ectoparasitism

the parasite lives within the body of the host

Endoparasitism

is the movement of plant parts towards light

Phototropism

plant roots towards gravity

Gravitropism

Living things exhibit internal growth or ___________

intussusceptions

while non living things exhibit external growth or ______

accretion

is called as the constructive or building up of protoplasm from simple compounds and elements which are end – products of digestion.

Anabolism

is the destructive or breaking down phase. This involves the release of energy by breaking food substance through respiration

Catabolism

The regulation and maintenance of a relatively constant set of conditions within an organism

Homeostasis

This period is characterized by uncritical accumulation of information, mainly derived from the practical necessities of obtaining food, materials for clothing and shelter, substances to cure ailments, and necessary information about the human body

The Primitive Period

This period began with the Greeks and continued with the Romans. This was marked by great curiosity about natural phenomena and an ability to organize biological knowledge and record it

The Classical Period

who is called the Father of Medicine, he stated that diseases have natural causes, and the body has the power to repair itself.

Hippocrates

as Greatest Ancient Scientist who excelled in making observations

Aristotle

as Aristotle’s student carried on pioneer studies on the nature of plants.

Theophrastus

This period took place during the 14th to 16th centuries. Curiosity about the structure of living things was rekindled by artists

The Renaissance Period

who made accurate studies in plants, animals and human anatomy

Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo

He published his book “ The Structure of the Human Body”

Andreas Vesalius

He described the blood circulation in man which contributed to Physiology

William Harvey

This marked with the introduction of Microscope by Anton Van leeuwenhoek at the beginning of the 17th century T

Modern Period

Experimentally disapproved the spontaneous origin of life from non living matter

Francesco Redi

established the system of nomenclature in which all living things are arranged by genera and species

Carolus Linnaeus

laid the foundation of modern Microbiology

Louis Pasteur

Carolus Linnaeus is called as

“The Father of Taxonomy”

Louis Pasteur is called as

“The Father of Modern Microbiology”

REMNANTS OF THE PAST

ARCHAEOLOGY

MAN –MADE OBJECTS

ARTIFACTS

ORGANIC REMAINS ; BONES, TEETH

FOSSILS

ECOSYSTEM OF THE LIVING ORGANISMS, AND ENVIRONMENT

ECOLOGY

CELL

CYTOLOGY

TISSUES

HISTOLOGY

ENDOCRINE

ENDOCRINOLOGY

SLOWING DOWN OF ACTIVITIES DURING HOT SEASON

ESTIVATION

SLOWING DOWN OF ACTIVITIES DURING COLD SEASON

HIBERNATION