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Isotope
An atom of an element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
Specific charge
Charge (C) / Mass (kg)
Nuclear radiation with the highest specific charge
Beta
What is a nucleon?
A proton or neutron in the nucleus
Why is the strong nuclear force required for nuclei to be stable?
Electrostatic repulsion of the protons in nucleus.
What is a Beta particle?
A high energy electron
How does a particle compare to its corresponding antiparticle?
Same mass, opposite charge.
Antiparticle of the electron
Positron
What happens to the nucleons during beta minus decay?
A neutron changes into a proton
Pair production
A photon is converted into a particle and its corresponding antiparticle
Maximum range of the Strong Nuclear Force
3 femtometres / 3x10⁻¹⁵m
Rest mass of a Gamma ray
Zero
Alpha particle
2 protons and 2 neutrons OR a helium nucleus
Gamma
A high energy photon emitted by the nucleus
Charge of a hydrogen +1 ion
+1.6x10⁻¹⁹C
Charge of a beta minus particle
-1.6x10⁻¹⁹C
Charge of an Alpha particle
+3.2x10⁻¹⁹C
Antiparticle of the neutron
Antineutron
Mass number (A)
The total number of nucleons in the atom
Atomic number (Z)
The number of protons in the atom
Changing the atomic number (Z)
Changes the element
A - Z
The number of neutrons in the atom
Nuclear radiation with the greatest rest mass
Alpha particle
