Principles of Imaging Practice exam and book questions

D.

The process whereby a radiographic image is created by variations in absorption and transmission of the exiting x-ray beam is known as ________________.

A. attenuation

B. the photoelectric effect

C. the Compton effect

D. differential absorption

D.

Which of the following processes occur during the x-ray beam interaction with tissue?

A. Absorption and photon transmission

B. Absorption and scattering

C. Photon transmission and scattering

D. Absorption, photon transmission, and scattering

C.

. The ability of an x-ray photon to remove an atom’s electron is a characteristic known as ________________.

A. attenuation

B. scattering

C. ionization

D. absorption

B.

The x-ray interaction responsible for absorption is ________________.

A. differential

B. photoelectric

C. attenuation

D. Compton

D.

The x-ray interaction responsible for scattering is ________________.

A. differential

B. photoelectric

C. attenuation

D. Compton

A.

What interaction causes unwanted exposure to the image, known as fog?

A. Compton

B. Transmitted

C. Photoelectric

D. Absorption

D.

Which of the following factors would affect beam attenuation?

A. Tissue atomic number

B. Beam quality

C. Fog

D. Tissue atomic number and beam quality

C.

The high brightness areas on a displayed digital image are created by ________________.

A. transmitted radiation

B. scattered radiation

C. absorbed radiation

D. primary radiation

C.

An anatomic part that transmits the incoming x-ray photon with low absorption would create an area of ________________ on the radiographic image.

A. fog

B. high brightness

C. low brightness

D. noise

B.

The process of creating a radiographic image by differential absorption varies for fluoroscopy and static radiographic imaging.

A. True

B. False

D.

hich attribute(s) of a radiographic image affect(s) the visibility of sharpness?

A. Distortion

B. Contrast

C. Brightness

D. B and C

B.

A radiographic image with many shades of gray but few differences between them is said to have ________________.

A. high contrast

B. low contrast

C. saturation

D. excessive noise

D.

Which of the following is defined as the range of exposure intensities that an image receptor can accurately detect?

A. Saturation

B. Spatial resolution

C. Quantum noise

D. Dynamic range

A.

Fluoroscopy uses a continuous beam of x-rays to create images of moving internal anatomic structures.

A. True

B. False

B.

Which of the anatomic tissues below would not represent water as a radiographic substance?

A. Liver

B. Sternal sutures

C. Abdominal aorta

D. Kidney

D.

Radiographic images that demonstrate motion distortion generally demonstrate poor _________________.

A. temporal resolution

B. contrast resolution

C. spatial resolution

D. A and C

B.

Anatomic substances are best visualized when they ________________

A. transmit more x-rays.

B. attenuate the x-rays differently from their adjacent tissues.

C. create more quantum noise.

D. attenuate the x-rays similarly from their adjacent tissues.

D.

Which of the following substances absorb more of the x-ray beam?

A. Muscle

B. Fat

C. Water

D. Contrast medium

Photoelectric effect

During attenuation of the x-ray beam, the ________ is responsible for total absorption of the incoming x-ray photon

low kVp settings

The number of photoelectric interactions increases with _____

D.

Which of the following affects attenuation? a. tissure thickness b. tissue density c. x-ray beam quality d. all of the above e. a and b only

attenuation

a reduction in the number of photons that occur as the beam passes through anatomic tissue is called

D.

Which of the following processes occurs when the x-ray beam enters the body? A. absorption B. photon transmission C. scattering D. all of the above E. A and C only

compton

The x-ray interaction responsible for scatter on the IR is _____

F.

Remnant radiation is composed of which of the following? A. transmitted radiation B. absorbed radiation C. scattered radiation D. all of the above E. a and b only F. A and C only

dynamic range

which of the following is defined as the range of exposure intensities an image receptor can accurately detect

absorption

the low-density or high brightness area on a image are created by:

false

the compton effect involves an inner shell electron being ejected and changing the direction of the photon

true

the atomic number does not influence the compton effect

brightness decreases

as image density increases

decreases, increases

as SID increases, magnification ________, and spatial resolution ______

X-ray exposure that is too low/ lack of photons

quantum noise is caused by which of the following

magnification

which of the following is a type of size distortion

D.

a high atomic number will: A. increase attenuation B. decrease attenuation C. increase photoelectric interactions D. both a and c

E.

A higher kVp setting will: A. increase attenuation B. decrease attenuation C. increase the number of compton interactions compared to photoelectric interactions D. both A and C E. Both B and C

many grays

an image with a long scale of contrast has:

D.

If I am taking an x-ray at 40 inches. I repeat the image and change my SID to 62 inches which of the following is true? A. more magnification B. less magnification C. more recorded detail/spatial resolution D. Both B and C

increase

increasing the OID will ______ distortion

False

t or f Elongation improves recorded detail

F.

an image with a long scale of contrast will have: A. high image contrast B. low image contrast C. many grays D. few grays E. both a and c F. both b and c

E.

decreasing my OID will: A. increase magnification B. decrease magnification C. decrease distortion D. both a and c E. both b and c

D.

an anatomic part that transmits the incoming x-ray photon would create an area of ____ on the image: A. high density B. High brightness C. Low brightness D. both a and c E. both b and c

a large SID

which of the following will improve spatial resolution

increases

as kvp is increased what happens to photon transmission

All are similar

which of the following has a higher tissue density : liver. kidney, stomach

5

less than __% of the primary beam that interacts with anatomic parts will actually reach the IR

short scale contrast

images with high image contrast have