Lecture Review on Political Organization

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture about political organization, including definitions and distinctions between different political structures.

What is a band in terms of political organization?

A band is a small group of related households that come together periodically to solve specific problems.

What defines a tribe in political organization?

A tribe is a larger political organization comprised of nominally independent communities, integrated by a unifying factor, often sharing a common language and culture.

What are decentralized political systems characterized by?

Decentralized political systems lack a clear locus of authority and do not have a centralized figure of governance.

What is a headman?

A headman is a talented, senior man or woman sought after for their advice in dealing with crises and social problems.

What does the term 'sovereignty' refer to in the context of bands?

Sovereignty refers to the power of individuals in a band to make their own decisions without yielding to a larger collective.

What is the significance of ad hoc meetings in bands?

Ad hoc meetings occur only when necessary to solve specific problems, emphasizing efficiency and purpose.

How do centralized political systems operate?

Centralized political systems have a clear locus of authority and are characterized by defined institutions or leaders who govern.

What social control mechanisms are used in band societies?

Informal social control mechanisms like public opinion, gossip, shaming, and socialization are prevalent in band societies.

What typically brings tribes together to act collectively?

Tribes are often brought together by the common necessity to address external threats or warfare.

What is the difference between a headman and a big man?

A headman provides advice and has limited authority, while a big man has more influence and responsibility over a larger community.