Biology: micro- and macroelements in animals | Quizlet

Carbon (C) - role

Building material for ex. for bones and DNA

Carbon (C) - source

Mainly from food of all kinds

Carbon (C) - deficiency

Vomiting, seasures, coma, poor growth

oxygen (O) - role

Cellular respiration and reproduction

Oxygen (O) - source

Air and leafy greens, such as spinach

Oxygen (O) - deficiency

Confusion, headache, death of brain cells

Hydrogen (H) - role

Increases growth performance and is a cellular antioxidant

Hydrogen (H) - source

Bread, vegetables, fruits and water

Hydrogen (H) - deficiency

Dehydration, muscle cramps, higher body temperature

Nitrogen (N) - role

key component of amino acids, protein synthesis, nucleic acids

Nitrogen (N) - source

Spinach, radish, rhubarb

Nitrogen (N) - deficiency

Weight loss, reduced appetite, decrease of muscle

Sodium (Na) - role

major electrolyte in ECF, water balance, nerve conduction, osmotic pressure

Sodium (Na) - source

Rice, pasta, other salty things

Sodium (Na) - deficiency

hypothermia, seisure, coma, death

Phosphorus (P) - role

Bone and teeth formation, energy transfer

Phosphorus (P) - source

Diary products, meat, fish

Phosphorus (P) - deficiency

Bone pain, fatigue, fragile bones

Sulfur (S) - role

Forms some amino-acids, vitamines and hormones

Sulfur (S) - source

Eggs, nuts, oats

Sulfur (S) - deficiency

Acne, itchy skin, memory loss

Calcium (Ca) - role

blood clotting, bone and teeth formation, nervous system regulation, impacts muscle growth

Calcium (Ca) - source

Tofu, dairy, salmon, beans

Calcium (Ca) - deficiency

Osteoporosis, ECG changes, dental changes, overall bone problems

Magnesium (Mg) - role

regulate heart function, transmit nerve impulses, produce and use ATP, maintain Ca+ level, helps with muscle function

Magnesium (Mg) - source

Dark chocolate, nuts, leafy greens

Magnesium (Mg) - deficiency

tremor, spasm, ventricular arrhythmia, muscle spasms, low appetite

Potassium (K) - role

cardiac contractions, BP, fluid maintenance, blood pressure regulation, counteracts sodium

Potassium (K) - source

Avocadoes, potatoes, bananas, yogurt, fish

Potassium (K) - deficiency

dysrhythmias, muscle cramps, confusion, tiredness, cramps

Chlorine (Cl) - role

Balances fluids and electrolytes

Chlorine (Cl) - source

Mineral water, meats, salt

Chlorine (Cl) - deficiency

muscle cramps, reduced appetite, overall weakness of muscles

Iron (Fe) - role

transports O², takes a part in metabolic processes

Iron (Fe) - source

Poultry, red meat, spinach

Iron (Fe, micro) - deficiency

iron-deficiency anemia, weakness, impaired immunity, headaches, problem concentrating

Fluorine (F, micro) - role

Helps to maintain structure of bones and teeth, increases fertility

Fluorine (F, micro) - source

Tea, seafood, citrusses

Fluorine (F, micro) - deficiency

Dental caries

Cobalt (Co, micro) - role

Necessary for blood cells production and metabolism

Cobalt (Co, micro) - source

Beef liver, tuna, egg yolks

Cobalt (Co, micro) - deficiency

Slower reaction time, chance of getting alzheimers

Cuprum (Cu, micro) - role

Helpful with hemoglobin formation, aids the immune system

Cuprum (Cu, micro) - source

Shellfish, beans, potatoes

Cuprum (Cu, micro) - deficiency

Anemia, heart arythmia, skin pigment loss

Iodine (I, micro) - role

Important for growth and development, immune system and reproductive health

Iodine (I, micro) - source

eggs, edible seaweed, milk

Iodine (I, micro) - deficiency

Struggle woth reproduction, growth and brain functioning