PE Final

Physical Fitness

Physical Fitness

The body’s ability to function efficiently and effectively in work and leisure activities, while maintaining the capacity to meet physical demands in an emergency situation

Cardiorespiratory Endurance

The ability of your heart, lungs, and blood vessels to send fuel and oxygen to your tissues during long periods of moderate to vigorous activity

Muscular Strength

The amount of force your muscles can exert (i.e. lift heavier loads or increased ease in lifting lighter loads)

Muscular Endurance

The ability of your muscles to perform physical tasks over a period of time without tiring (i.e. execute more repetitions without rest)

Flexibility

The ability to move your body parts through their full range of motion (i.e. able to reach or move into body positions impossible to attain previously)

Specificity

Choosing the right types of activities to improve a given element of fitness

Overload

Exercising at a level that is greater than normally stressed through regular daily activities

Progression

Gradually increasing the demands on your body

Regularity

Working out/exercising on a regular basis

Warm-Up

Increase heart rate and body temp., increases blood flow and flexibility, reduces risk for injury

Workout

Performing the strenuous work

F.I.T.T Principle

Frequency, Intensity, Type of Activity, Time (Duration)

Cool Down

Gradually slows heart rate and cools down body temp. to normal, prevent/reduce muscle soreness

Tennis- Objective

Score 4 points (game) first

Tennis- Rules

• One person serves the entire game

• Serve diagonally across the court

• Always say score before you serve

Volley

A short punch stroke that is used to hit the ball before it bounces in your court

Backhand

A stroke used to play the ball on the opposite side of a player's dominant hand using a grip, which is a quarter turn to the left

Forehand

A basic stroke used to play a ball on a player's dominant side using a grip, which is a quarter turn to the right

Sweet Spot of the Racquet

Center of the racquet face where you should contact the ball

Smash

An overhead forceful shot used to return a high, arched shot

Lob

A high, arched shot, which lands behind the opponent's head and near the baseline

Let

A serve, which hits the top of the net but then lands in bounds of the opponent's proper service court, which constitutes a re-serve

Ace

A point-winning serve that is hit beyond the reach of a receiver

Fault

A served ball that does not enter the proper service court, of is improperly served

Double Fault

Failure of a player to get either of the two service attempts into the proper service court resulting in a point for the opponent

Flag Football- Objective

To advance the football over the opponent’s goal line by running or passing

Flag Football- Rules

• 4 downs

• Can punt ball for 4th down

• All players can catch passes

Blocking

An offensive move to keep the defense from getting the quarterback

Down

An attempt to advance the ball into the next zone, one play is one down

Fumble

Failure of a player to retain possession of the ball while running or while attempting to receive a kick, pass, or handoff

Forward Pass

A pass thrown by any player from behind the line of scrimmage

Handoff

An offensive play in which one hands off the ball to another player attempting to advance the ball

Huddle

Two or more players conferring between downs

Incomplete Pass

An unsuccessful attempt to move the ball up the field by passing

Lateral Pass

An offensive play in which the ball is passed sideways or backward to the line of scrimmage

Line of Scrimmage

An imaginary line drawn from the front tip of the ball and parallel to the end line

Offside

When an offensive player is ahead of the ball before it is snapped

Passing Pattern

An offensive strategy to run the field in order to get an open pass

Punt

A method of kicking the ball by dropping if from the players hands directly to the food.  It is usually a deep kick into the opponent’s territory

Rushing

A defensive move made by the player on the line of scrimmage only to get the quarterback’s flag

Safety

A flag is pulled in the opponent’s end zone

Touchback

A deep kick into the opponent’s end zone

Volleyball- Objective

To send the volleyball over the net so that the opposing team cannot return the ball or prevent it from hitting the ground in their court

Volleyball- Rules

• 3 hits to get ball over net

• Serve can be over or under handed

• One player serves until the point is lost

• Players cannot touch the net

Ace

Serve that is lands in the opponent’s court without being touched

Block

Defensive play attempting to stop the returning ball from over or near the net

Bump

A forearm pass

Carry

An illegal holding of the ball, it must be batted

Catch

Allowing the ball to rest on any part of the body

Dig

Passing a spiked or powerfully hit ball

Game Point

The last point of the game

Kill

A spike that is impossible to return.

Match

To win two of three games

Point

Awarded to a team for any infringement of the rules by the opposing team or for any unreturned ball

Rally Scoring

One team will score a point every time the ball is served

Rotation

A clockwise movement of players following a side-out and prior to a team’s term of service

Serve

Skill used by a player in the back right position to put the ball into play, you must stay behind the backline until you hit the ball, serves can be under or over handed

Set

High pass that is generally the second play by a team to relay the ball for a spiker

Side Out

Ending a team’s right to serve because they failed to win the point or they made an illegal play

Spike

A ball hit forcibly towards the ground on the opponents side

Term of Service

Serving the ball until side-out is called.

Tip

A change-of-pace attack

Violation

A foul, suck as a lift, a double hit, touching the net, crossing the midline, 4 hits on one side, etc.

Volley

Continuous play without the ball hitting the ground

Softball- Objective

To score more runs than the other team

Softball- rules

• Ball must be pitched underhand

• 7 innings

• 6 outs per inning

• 3 strikes = OUT

• 4 balls = walk

Ball

When batting, every pitch is either a ball or a strike.  A ball is when the pitch does not enter the strike zone

Bunt

The baller changes stance to hit the ball, but rather than hitting the ball with force, the batter “puts” the ball on the ground with little force with the bat

Caught Fly Ball

If a ball in the air is caught, whether the ball is in fair territory or foul territory, the batter is out, after a fly ball is caught, the runners must tag the base they began at when the pitch started before they can advance to the next base

Double

Hitting the ball and stopping at second base in one play, without any errors made in the field

Double Play

When two outs are made consecutively without any pitches thrown

Error

A play in which a defensive player mishandles the baseball, resulting in the offense advancing a base or scoring a run

Fair Ball

One that  1.) lands in fair territory which is between first and third base lines, 2.) lands on any one base with the exception of home plate, or 3.) falls on fair ground beyond first and third base

Force Out

When a fielder makes an out by tagging the base runner OR the base that the runner was advancing toward when there is another player forcing that player to advance

Foul Ball

A legally batted ball that settles on foul ground outside of first or third baseline or behind the home plate

Foul Tip

A ball that is batted that goes sharply and directly into the glove of the catcher and is caught – this is a strike, a ball that is hit higher than the batter’s head is not a foul tip – if caught, the batter is out

Ground Ball

A ball that is hit directly to the ground and is fielded usually by the infield players

Home Run

Hitting the ball and making it safely back to the home plate in one play without errors by the fielding team, or hitting the ball in fair territory over the outfield fence

Line Drive

The batter hits the ball solidly and the ball is neither on the ground nor in the air immediately, line drives usually have a lot of power behind the ball

Pop Fly

A ball hit by the batter extremely high where the fielders have time to get under the ball to catch it

Single

Hitting the ball and staying safely first without an error by the fielder

Strike

A ball that is pitched with an arch of at least 3’ and no more than 10’ from release and lands in the designated area behind home plate, the same width as home plate

Tagging Up

If there are less than two outs and a fly ball is hit, a base runner must tag the base he/she was on or remain on the base until the ball is caught before advancing to the next base

Triple

Hitting the ball and safely making it to third base in one play without an error on the field

Triple Play

When 3 outs are made consecutively without any pitches thrown between outs

Bases Loaded

There is a runner on 1st, 2nd, and 3rd base at the same time

Choking Up

Moving your hands up the handle of the bat for more control

Full Count

When a batter has 3 balls and 2 strikes, the next pitch determines if they get a hit, take 1st base, or strike out

Grand Slam

When the batter hits a home run with the bases loaded

On Deck

The next person in the batting order, after the person who is hitting