Chapter 11 Test Pool

For axial muscles, which is usually a muscle's less movable attachment?

A) The superior attachment site

B) The inferior attachment site

C) The proximal attachment site

D) The distal attachment site

B) The inferior attachment site

A muscle whose action opposes that of the prime mover is known as a(n)

A) agonist

B) antagonist

C) synergist

D) extensor

B) antagonist

For elbow flexion,

A) biceps brachii is the agonist and triceps brachii is the antagonist

B) biceps brachii is the antagonist and triceps brachii is the agonist

C) triceps brachii is the synergist and biceps brachii is the antagonist

D) deltoid is the agonist and biceps brachii is the synergist

E) biceps brachii is the synergist and triceps brachii is the agonist

A) biceps brachii is the agonist and triceps brachii is the antagonist

The word "biceps" in the name of a muscle refers to the fact that

A) the insertion of the muscle is split into two parts

B) the muscle is shaped in two round sections, one after the other

C) the muscle has two tendons of origin

D) the muscle has two very different actions

C) the muscle has two tendons of origin

The rhomboid muscle is named for its

A) size

B) origin

C) fiber orientation

D) shape

E) action

D) shape

When a person blinks, she is using her

A) occipitofrontalis muscle

B) orbicularis oris

C) procerus

D) orbicularis oculi

E) depressor labii inferioris

D) orbicularis oculi

You just ran over a skunk on your way to class. The odor was overwhelming and in response you wrinkled your nose in disgust by contracting your

A) nasalis muscle

B) procerus muscle

C) depressor anguli oris

D) frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle

E) occipital belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle

B) procerus muscle

Which is the "kiss muscle" used for puckering the lips?

A) Orbicularis oris

B) Orbicularis oculi

C) Depressor labii inferioris

D) Depressor anguli oris

E) Procerus

A) Orbicularis oris

A nursing baby is using what muscle to suckle?

A) Risorius

B) Platysma

C) Mentalis

D) Levator labii superioris

E) Buccinator

E) Buccinator

The mentalis muscle has what action?

A) Smiling

B) Frowning

C) Pouting

D) Blowing

E) Sucking

C) Pouting

The frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle causes what action?

A) Sneering

B) Smiling

C) Flaring the nostrils

D) Wrinkling the brow (forehead)

E) Frowning

D) Wrinkling the brow (forehead)

You hear a sharp noise to your left causing you to shift your eyes in that direction. Which muscles were responsible for your glance?

A) Left eye - lateral rectus, right eye - medial rectus

B) Left eye - medial rectus, right eye - lateral rectus

C) Left eye and right eye - lateral rectus

D) Left eye and right eye - medial rectus

E) Left eye - superior oblique, right eye - inferior oblique

A) Left eye - lateral rectus, right eye - medial rectus

Which extrinsic eye muscle moves through a pulleylike loop?

A) Inferior oblique

B) Superior oblique

C) Lateral rectus

D) Medial rectus

E) Superior rectus

B) Superior oblique

Which extrinsic eye muscle is innervated by the abducens nerve (CN VI)?

A) Inferior oblique

B) Superior oblique

C) Lateral rectus

D) Medial rectus

E) Superior rectus

C) Lateral rectus

Which cranial nerve innervates the superior oblique muscle?

A) The abducens nerve

B) The trigeminal nerve

C) The trochlear nerve

D) The oculomotor nerve

E) The glossopharyngeal nerve

C) The trochlear nerve

There are four muscles of mastication. Select the exception.

A) Buccinator

B) Masseter

C) Temporalis

D) Lateral pterygoid

E) Medial pterygoid

A) Buccinator

Which muscle does not move the mandible?

A) Temporalis

B) Masseter

C) Lateral pterygoid

D) Medial pterygoid

E) Genioglossus

E) Genioglossus

The ending "glossus" on the name of a muscle refers to

A) the tongue

B) mastication

C) the neck

D) swallowing

E) the jaw

A) the tongue

Which muscle is used for sticking out the tongue?

A) Hyoglossus

B) Palatoglossus

C) Styloglossus

D) Hypoglossus

E) Genioglossus

E) Genioglossus

Of the muscles listed, the only one that inserts on the hyoid bone is the

A) hyoglossus

B) palatoglossus

C) styloglossus

D) lateral pterygoid

E) genioglossus

E) genioglossus

Pharyngeal constrictor muscles are especially important for which function?

A) Breathing

B) Swallowing

C) Expressing fright

D) Chewing food

E) Mixing food with enzymes

B) Swallowing

You have just disembarked from an airplane following a cross-country flight. You are experiencing difficulty in hearing and notice that your ears are plugged. To relieve the pressure you try "yawning" to clear the ear canal. It worked. What muscle was involved?

A) Middle constrictor

B) Levator veli palatini

C) Salpingopharyngeus

D) Palatopharyngeus

E) Tensor veli palatini

E) Tensor veli palatini

Muscles whose functions are to depress either the hyoid bone or the thyroid cartilage of the larynx are the _________ muscles.

A) mylohyoid

B) suprahyoid

C) infrahyoid

D) stylohyoid

C) infrahyoid

This muscle has its inferior attachment on the manubrium and sternal end of the clavicle and its superior attachment on the mastoid process.

A) Longissimus capitis

B) Sternocleidomastoid

C) Scalene

D) Splenius capitis

E) Splenius cervicus

B) Sternocleidomastoid

If the right sternocleidomastoid contracts unilaterally, the resulting movement will be

A) lateral flexion of the head to the right and rotation of the head to the left

B) lateral flexion of the head to the left and rotation of the head to the right

C) lateral extension of the head to the right and rotation of the head to the left

D) lateral extension of the head to the left and rotation of the head to the right

A) lateral flexion of the head to the right and rotation of the head to the left

When the left and right splenius capitis contract together, the resulting movement is

A) wrinkling of the brow

B) flexion of the neck

C) elevation of the larynx

D) extension of the neck

E) pulling of the scalp anteriorly

D) extension of the neck

The most laterally placed of the three erector spinae components, the ___________ group, is composed of three parts: cervical, thoracic, and lumbar.

A) longissimus

B) spinalis

C) iliocostalis

C) iliocostalis

This muscle extends and rotates the vertebral column toward the opposite side of the body. Its inferior attachments are on the sacrum and transverse processes of each vertebra and its superior attachments are the spinous processes of more superior vertebrae.

A) Multifidus

B) Interspinales

C) Intertransversarii

D) Rotators

E) Quadratus lumborum

A) Multifidus

These muscles elevate the ribs and have their origin on the inferior border of the superior rib and their insertion on the superior border of the inferior rib.

A) Internal intercostals

B) External intercostals

C) Transversus thoracis

D) Diaphragm

E) Serratus posterior inferior

B) External intercostals

When contracted, this muscle causes expansion of the thoracic cavity and increases pressure in the abdominopelvic cavity. Its insertion is on a central tendon.

A) Internal intercostals

B) External intercostals

C) Transversus thoracis

D) Diaphragm

E) Serratus posterior inferior

D) Diaphragm

The muscle that forms a partition between the thoracic and abdominal cavities is the

A) scalenes

B) interspinales

C) internal intercostal

D) diaphragm

E) transversus thoracis

D) diaphragm

Contraction of the diaphragm assists in

A) expiration

B) inspiration

C) flexion at the waist

D) extension at the waist

E) All of the choices are correct

B) inspiration

Which of the following elevates the ribs?

A) External intercostals

B) Internal intercostals

C) Serratus posterior inferior

D) Transversus thoracis

A) External intercostals

The deepest of the abdominal muscles are the _________ muscles.

A) rectus abdominis

B) transversus abdominis

C) internal oblique

D) external oblique

E) tendinous intersections

B) transversus abdominis

Which muscle forms the traditional "six-pack" of a well-toned abdominal wall?

A) Rectus abdominis

B) Transversus abdominis

C) Internal oblique

D) External oblique

E) Longissimus

A) Rectus abdominis

What are tendinous intersections?

A) Round tendonlike structures attaching muscle to bone

B) Fibrous, perpendicular insertions between successive sheets or blocks of muscle

C) Flat sheets of connective tissue used for muscle insertion

D) Thin layers of muscle used to attach two other muscles together

E) Narrow, vertical, fibrous strips used to attach muscle sheaths of the left and right rectus abdominis

B) Fibrous, perpendicular insertions between successive sheets or blocks of muscle

Which of the abdominal muscles is innervated by spinal nerves T7-T12?

A) Rectus abdominis

B) Transversus abdominis

C) Internal oblique

D) External oblique

E) None of these choices is correct

A) Rectus abdominis

Which of the abdominal muscles has its fibers running in an inferomedial direction?

A) Rectus abdominis

B) Transversus abdominis

C) Internal oblique

D) External oblique

E) None of these choices is correct

D) External oblique

For defecation to take place, the puborectalis must

A) contract

B) relax

B) relax

What is the diamond-shaped region between the lower appendages called?

A) The periosteum

B) The pedundal triangle

C) The perineum

D) The posterior diaphragm

E) The coccygeal triangle

C) The perineum

The superficial layer of the urogenital triangle contains three muscles. Select the exception.

A) Puborectalis

B) Bulbospongiosus

C) Ischiocavernosus

D) Superficial transverse perineal

A) Puborectalis

Of the muscles listed, which is the only one not innervated by the pudendal nerve?

A) External anal sphincter

B) Coccygeus

C) Iliococcygeus

D) Pubococcygeus

E) Puborectalis

B) Coccygeus

In the male, which muscle ejects urine or semen, compresses the base of the penis, and helps in formation of an erection?

A) Iliococcygeus

B) Superficial transverse perineal muscle

C) External urethral sphincter

D) Bulbospongiosus

E) Pubococcygeus

D) Bulbospongiosus

Which muscle is part of the urogenital diaphragm and constricts the urethra to voluntarily inhibit urination?

A) Ischiocavernosus

B) Superficial transverse perineal muscle

C) External urethral sphincter

D) Bulbospongiosus

E) Pubococcygeus

C) External urethral sphincter

The anterior border of the perineum is the

A) anus

B) urethra

C) pubic symphysis

D) scrotum in the male and the labia majora in the female

C) pubic symphysis

Which muscles arise from the skull and often attach to the skin?

A) Extrinsic eye muscles

B) Muscles of mastication

C) Muscles that move the tongue

D) Muscles of facial expression

E) Muscles of the pharynx

D) Muscles of facial expression

Which muscles help us in the initial breakdown of food?

A) Extrinsic eye muscles

B) Muscles of mastication

C) Muscles that move the tongue

D) Muscles of facial expression

E) Muscles of the pharynx

B) Muscles of mastication

Muscles that protract the scapula would be ________ thoracic muscles.

A) anterior

B) posterior

A) anterior

Muscles of the pectoral girdle attach proximally on the

A) clavicle and scapula and attach distally on the axial skeleton

B) humerus and attach distally on the axial skeleton

C) axial skeleton and attach distally on the humerus

D) axial skeleton and attach distally on the clavicle and scapula

E) humerus and attach distally on the clavicle and scapula

D) axial skeleton and attach distally on the clavicle and scapula

There are three anterior thoracic muscles. Select the exception.

A) Levator scapulae

B) Pectoralis minor

C) Serratus anterior

D) Subclavius

A) Levator scapulae

Which of the following muscles elevates and retracts (adducts) the scapula?

A) Pectoralis minor

B) Rhomboid major

C) Subclavius

D) Serratus anterior

E) Scalenes

B) Rhomboid major

The _________ is a large, saw-toothed, flat, fan-shaped muscle positioned between the ribs and the scapula.

A) levator scapulae

B) serratus anterior

C) subclavius

D) pectoralis minor

E) trapezius

B) serratus anterior

Of the muscles that move the glenohumeral joint, two attach proximally on the axial skeleton. Which ones?

a: Latissimus dorsi

b: Deltoid

c: Pectoralis major

d: Teres major

e: Coracobrachialis

A) a and b

B) a and c

C) b and d

D) c and e

E) d and e

B) a and c

All of these muscles, except one, adduct the arm. Select the exception.

A) Infraspinatus

B) Teres minor

C) Supraspinatus

D) Coracobrachialis

E) Triceps brachii

C) Supraspinatus

All of these muscles, except one, have their proximal attachment on the scapula. Select the exception.

A) Pectoralis major

B) Coracobrachialis

C) Triceps brachii

D) Subscapularis

E) Infraspinatus

A) Pectoralis major

All of the following muscles that move the glenohumeral joint attach distally to the humerus except the

A) coracobrachialis

B) triceps brachii

C) latissimus dorsi

D) pectoralis major

E) supraspinatus

B) triceps brachii

The principal elbow flexors located on the anterior side of the humerus are the

a: biceps brachii

b: brachialis

c: brachioradialis

d: deltoid

e: trapezius

A) a, b, c

B) b, c, d

C) c, d, e

D) a, c, e

E) b, d, e

A) a, b, c

As a baseball pitcher winds up to throw, he medially rotates his arm by contracting his

A) supraspinatus

B) subscapularis

C) infraspinatus

D) teres minor

B) subscapularis

Which of the following is not one of the rotator cuff muscles?

A) Teres major

B) Teres minor

C) Supraspinatus

D) Infraspinatus

E) Subscapularis

A) Teres major

What muscle is known as the "swimmer's muscle"?

A) Deltoid

B) Latissimus dorsi

C) Trapezius

D) Coracobrachialis

E) Triceps brachii

B) Latissimus dorsi

Which muscle is the prime extensor of the elbow joint?

A) Deltoid muscle

B) Triceps brachii

C) Biceps brachii

D) Brachialis

E) Brachioradialis

B) Triceps brachii

Which of the following muscles is not innervated by the radial nerve?

A) Pronator teres

B) Triceps brachii

C) Anconeus

D) Supinator

A) Pronator teres

Besides the supinator, which other muscle is a powerful supinator of the forearm?

A) Pronator teres

B) Pronator quadratus

C) Triceps brachii

D) Brachialis

E) Biceps brachii

E) Biceps brachii

Many of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm work to _______ the wrist, and they have their proximal attachment on the _______ epicondyle of the humerus.

A) flex, lateral

B) flex, medial

C) extend, lateral

B) flex, medial

Within which layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm is the flexor pollicis longus located?

A) Deep layer

B) Intermediate layer

C) Superficial layer

A) Deep layer

What is a retinaculum?

A) A flat band of muscle

B) A wide aponeurosis

C) A sliding tendon

D) An area where several muscles converge

E) A thickened fibrous band of fascia

E) A thickened fibrous band of fascia

The condition known as "tennis elbow" is caused by trauma or overuse of the common tendon of muscles that cause wrist extension. In other words, it is caused by damage to the

A) common flexor tendon of the anterior forearm muscles

B) common flexor tendon of the posterior forearm muscles

C) common extensor tendon of the anterior forearm muscles

D) common extensor tendon of the posterior forearm muscles

E) None of the choices is correct

D) common extensor tendon of the posterior forearm muscles

The extensor digitorum muscle is found in the

A) deep layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm

B) superficial layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm

C) superficial layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm

D) deep layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm

B) superficial layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm

Which group of muscles forms a thick, fleshy mass at the base of the thumb?

A) Hypothenar group

B) Thenar group

C) Midpalmar group

D) Dorsal interossei group

E) Abductor digit group

B) Thenar group

If you had all of your fingers (including the thumb) spread out wide, which muscle or group would bring your thumb toward your first finger?

A) Adductor pollicis

B) Palmar interossei

C) Dorsal interossei

D) Lumbricals

E) Abductor pollicis longus

A) Adductor pollicis

If you had all of your fingers (including the thumb) spread out wide, which muscle or group would bring fingers 2-5 together?

A) Adductor pollicis

B) Palmar interossei

C) Dorsal interossei

D) Lumbricals

E) Abductor pollicis longus

B) Palmar interossei

When a child raises her hand to show you she is five years old, she is using all of the following muscles except the

A) extensor digitorum

B) flexor digitorum

C) palmar interossei

D) lumbricals

E) dorsal interossei

B) flexor digitorum

Most muscles that move the thigh attach proximally to the

A) iliotibial tract

B) os coxae

C) sacral spine

D) head of the femur

E) linea alba

B) os coxae

Which is one of the largest muscles in the body and the one most responsible for extending and laterally rotating the thigh?

A) Sartorius

B) Tensor fasciae latae

C) Pectineus

D) Gluteus maximus

E) Gracilis

D) Gluteus maximus

Which is not one of the hamstring muscles?

A) Biceps femoris

B) Semimembranosus

C) Rectus femoris

D) Semitendinosus

C) Rectus femoris

Which muscle does not attach proximally to the ischial tuberosity?

A) Biceps femoris

B) Semimembranosus

C) Adductor longus

D) Semitendinosus

E) Quadratus femoris

C) Adductor longus

Which of the following muscles attaches distally to the head of the fibula?

A) Gluteus maximus

B) Tensor fasciae latae

C) Semimembranosus

D) Semitendinosus

E) Biceps femoris

E) Biceps femoris

Which is the longest muscle of the body?

A) Sartorius

B) Gracilis

C) Quadriceps femoris

D) Biceps brachii

E) Brachioradialis

A) Sartorius

The function of the biceps femoris is to

A) flex the hip and ankle

B) extend the thigh and flex the leg

C) flex the thigh and extend the leg

D) flex the thigh (with no action at the leg)

E) adduct the thigh and extend the knee

B) extend the thigh and flex the leg

With three seconds left on the clock, Mia breaks free and scores the winning goal in her soccer game. Of the muscles listed, select the one with the primary action in extending the leg for kicking.

A) Biceps femoris

B) Semimembranosus

C) Sartorius

D) Quadriceps femoris

E) Tensor fasciae latae

D) Quadriceps femoris

Crural muscles are those that move the

A) vertebral column

B) hip

C) thigh

D) wrist

E) ankle, foot, and toes

E) ankle, foot, and toes

Which muscle is the primary dorsiflexor of the foot at the ankle?

A) Tibialis anterior

B) Extensor hallucis longus

C) Fibularis brevis

D) Extensor digitorum longus

E) Gracilis

A) Tibialis anterior

The extensor hallucis longus is located in the

A) superficial layer of the posterior compartment of the leg

B) anterior compartment of the leg

C) deep layer of the posterior compartment of the leg

B) anterior compartment of the leg

The muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg function to

A) dorsiflex the foot and extend the toes

B) dorsiflex the foot and flex the toes

C) plantarflex the foot and extend the toes

D) plantarflex the foot and flex the toes

A) dorsiflex the foot and extend the toes

If you were to remove the gastrocnemius muscle, you would expose the

A) tibialis posterior

B) tibialis anterior

C) soleus

D) fibularis longus

E) flexor digitorum longus

C) soleus

These two muscles are known as the triceps surae and together are the most powerful plantar flexors of all of the leg muscles.

A) Tibialis posterior and popliteus

B) Gastrocnemius and soleus

C) Flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus

D) Tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus

E) Extensor hallucis longus and fibularis longus

B) Gastrocnemius and soleus

All of the muscles listed, except one, are innervated by the deep fibular nerve. Select the exception.

A) Extensor digitorum longus

B) Gastrocnemius

C) Extensor hallucis longus

D) Tibialis anterior

E) Fibularis tertius

B) Gastrocnemius

The flexor digitorum longus is located in the

A) deep layer of the posterior compartment of the leg, and it flexes toes 2-5

B) deep layer of the posterior compartment of the leg, and it flexes toes 1-3

C) superficial layer of the posterior compartment of the leg, and it flexes toes 2-5

D) superficial layer of the posterior compartment of the leg, and it flexes toes 1-3

E) anterior compartment of the leg, and it flexes toes 1-5

A) deep layer of the posterior compartment of the leg, and it flexes toes 2-5

What two muscles attach distally to the calcaneal tendon?

A) Tibialis posterior and popliteus

B) Gastrocnemius and soleus

C) Flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus

D) Tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus

E) Extensor hallucis longus and fibularis longus

B) Gastrocnemius and soleus

Which muscle "unlocks" the fully extended knee joint?

A) Popliteus

B) Tibialis posterior

C) Tibialis anterior

D) Gastrocnemius

E) Soleus

A) Popliteus

The __________ muscles of the foot attach proximally and distally within the foot.

A) intrinsic

B) extrinsic

C) intrinsic and extrinsic

A) intrinsic

The intrinsic foot muscles form a __________ group and a _________ group.

A) posterior, flexor

B) anterior , posterior

C) dorsal, plantar

D) anterior, flexor

E) dorsal, ventral

C) dorsal, plantar

This thick sheet of fascia extends between the phalanges of the toes and the calcaneus, and also encloses the plantar muscles of the foot.

A) Extensor retinaculum

B) Extensor aponeurosis

C) Intrinsic fascia

D) Plantar aponeurosis

E) Elevator tendonosis

D) Plantar aponeurosis

Which muscle or group is responsible for adduction of the toes?

A) Adductor hallucis

B) Flexor hallucis brevis

C) Plantar interossei

D) Dorsal interossei

E) Quadratus plantae

C) Plantar interossei

Which muscle is not innervated by the plantar nerve?

A) Extensor digitorum brevis

B) Flexor digitorum brevis

C) Lumbricals

D) Flexor hallucis brevis

E) Plantar interossei

A) Extensor digitorum brevis

Of the following, the muscle or group that does not have its proximal attachment on the calcaneus is the

A) extensor digitorum brevis

B) lumbricals

C) abductor hallucis

D) quadratus plantae

E) flexor digitorum brevis

B) lumbricals

The pronator teres and pronator quadratus cause pronation of the forearm. What muscle opposes this movement?

A) Pectoralis major

B) Subscapularis

C) Supinator

D) Biceps brachii

E) Triceps brachii

C) Supinator

There are three gluteal muscles. Select the one that is correctly matched with its primary action.

A) Gluteus medius: abducts the thigh

B) Gluteus maximus: abducts the thigh

C) Gluteus minimus: rotates the thigh

A) Gluteus medius: abducts the thigh

This figure shows an anterior view of the upper limb muscles. What muscle does number 1 indicate?

A) Biceps brachii

B) Brachialis

C) Coracobrachialis

D) Brachioradialis

E) Triceps brachii

D) Brachioradialis

This figure shows an anterior view of the right thigh. What muscle does number 1 indicate?

A) Gluteus maximus

B) Gluteus medius

C) Psoas major

D) Gracilis

E) Vastus lateralis

D) Gracilis