English 1B

First Person Point of View

The story is told by a character using “I,” “me,” or “we.” You only know what that character knows and feels.

Third Person Omniscient Point of View

The narrator is outside the story and knows everything about all characters—their thoughts, feelings, and actions. Example: Sarah walked into the room and looked around. She felt nervous because everyone was staring at her.

Allusion

A reference to something well-known (like a book, movie, history, or religion) to add meaning.
Example: comparing someone to Superman.

Characterization

How the author shows what a character is like (through actions, words, thoughts, and how others react to them).

Climax

The most intense or important moment in the story, where the main conflict reaches its peak.

Conflict

The main problem or struggle in the story.
Types include:

• Character vs. Character

• Character vs. Self

• Character vs. Society

• Character vs. Nature

Exposition

The beginning of the story where characters, setting, and basic situation are introduced.

Foreshadowing

Hints or clues about what will happen later in the story.

Imagery

Descriptive language that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, taste, touch).

Mood

The feeling or atmosphere the reader gets from the story (e.g., suspenseful, happy, scary).

Plot

The sequence of events in a story (beginning, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution).

Setting

Where and when the story takes place (time, place, environment).

Symbol

An object, person, or place that represents a deeper meaning beyond itself.

Theme

The main message or lesson of the story (what the author wants you to learn).

Tone

The author’s attitude toward the subject or characters (serious, sarcastic, angry, etc.).