physical sciences

MOMENTUM

Momentum is a physical quantity defined as the product of an object's mass and its velocity, representing the motion of the object. It is a vector quantity, possessing both magnitude and direction, and is conserved in isolated systems.

IMPULSE

Impulse is the change in momentum of an object when a force is applied over a period of time. It is also defined as the product of the average force and the time duration during which the force acts.

NEWTONS SECOND LAW IN TERMS OF MOMENTUM

Newton's second law states that the rate of change of momentum of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and occurs in the direction of the net force. This can be expressed as F = dp/dt, where F is the net force, p is momentum, and t is time.

VECTOR QUANTITY

A quantity that has both magnitude and direction, such as velocity or momentum.

LAW OF CONSEVATION OF MOMENTUM

The principle stating that the total momentum of a closed system remains constant over time, provided no external forces act on it.

ELASTIC COLLISION

A type of collision in which total kinetic energy and total momentum are conserved. In an elastic collision, objects bounce off each other without lasting deformation or generation of heat.

INELASTIC COLLISION

A collision in which total momentum is conserved, but total kinetic energy is not. Inelastic collisions result in some kinetic energy being transformed into other forms of energy, such as heat or sound.

ISOLATED SYSTEM