Biology - 3 Organisation and the Digestive System - 3.4 Catalysts and Enzymes

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9 Terms

1

Catalyst

a substance used to speed up a chemical reaction which is not chemically changed afterward

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2

Enzyme

a biological catalyst

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3

What are enzymes made of?

proteins - chains of amino acids

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4

Substrate

the reactant, the thing that will be broken down

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5

Active site

the shape of the enzyme where the substrate will bind to it

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6

The lock and key theory

enzymes act as a lock, substrates as the key. they bind together and then the substrate is broken down/fused together

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7

Metabolism

the sum of all the reactions in a cell or the body

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8

Different types of metabolic reactions [3]:

  • building large molecules from smaller ones

  • changing one molecule into another

  • breaking down large molcules into smaller ones

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9

Testing enzymes and catalysts:

test the rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) naturally, with enzymes (such as raw liver or potato, containing catalase), and with a catalyst such as manganese (IV) oxide

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