High Risk Newborn

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary and concepts related to high-risk newborn conditions and nursing care.

Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn (TTN)

A respiratory condition in newborns characterized by rapid breathing that usually resolves within 1-3 days.

Meconium Aspiration Syndrome

A condition occurring when a newborn inhales meconium-stained amniotic fluid into the lungs.

Hyperbilirubinemia

An excess of bilirubin in the blood, leading to jaundice in newborns.

Physiologic Jaundice

A common condition in newborns due to immature liver function, usually resolving on its own.

Pathologic Jaundice

Jaundice that occurs within the first 24 hours of life indicating potential underlying problems.

Rh Sensitivity

A blood type incompatibility that can lead to hemolytic disease of the newborn.

Phototherapy

A treatment for jaundice using light to help break down bilirubin in the skin.

Exchange Transfusion

A medical procedure used to treat severe jaundice by replacing the infant's blood with donor blood.

Neonatal Infections

Infections in newborns caused by bacterial, viral, or fungal pathogens.

Apgar Score

A quick test performed on a newborn baby at 1 and 5 minutes after birth to assess their physical condition.

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)

A condition resulting from alcohol exposure during pregnancy, leading to physical and mental developmental issues.

Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS)

A withdrawal syndrome in newborns resulting from the mother's substance use during pregnancy.

CNS Depressants

Substances that reduce neuronal activity, potentially affecting newborns if the mother consumes them.

Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR)

A condition in which a fetus does not grow to normal weight during pregnancy due to various factors.

Neonatal Sepsis

A life-threatening infection in newborns that can lead to systemic inflammation.

Maternal Substance Abuse

The use of drugs or alcohol by a mother during pregnancy that can adversely affect fetal development.

Low Birth Weight (LBW)

An infant weighing less than 2500 grams at birth, often linked to prematurity or maternal health issues.

Risk Factors for Jaundice

Conditions such as bruising, delayed feeding, or blood incompatibility that may increase jaundice risk in newborns.

Cyanosis

A bluish discoloration of the skin indicating reduced oxygen levels in the blood.

Gavage Feeding

A method of providing nutrition to infants unable to suck or swallow, typically through a tube.

Mechanical Ventilation

A method to assist or replace spontaneous breathing using a machine.

High-Risk Newborn

An infant identified as having an increased chance of complications due to health risks.

Diabetes in Pregnancy

Maternal diabetes that can affect newborn health, leading to complications like macrosomia.

Congenital Abnormalities

Physical or functional anomalies present at birth, often caused by genetic or environmental factors.

Antibody Testing

Laboratory tests used to identify antibodies in the blood related to blood type incompatibility.

Tachypnea

Abnormally rapid breathing, particularly in newborns.

Mechanical Ventilation

Use of a machine to assist with breathing for patients who cannot breathe adequately on their own.

Bilirubin Levels

The amount of bilirubin in the blood, used to determine the severity of jaundice.

Maternal Substance Abuse Nursing Care

Nursing interventions aimed at supporting the health of newborns whose mothers abused substances.

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

A genetic disorder affecting the metabolism of phenylalanine leading to mental deficits if untreated.

Neonatal Screening

Tests performed on newborns to detect certain genetic, metabolic, and infectious diseases early.

Oxygen Therapy

Supplemental oxygen provided to improve oxygen delivery to the newborn.

Infant Feeding Protocol

Guidelines for feeding practices in newborns to ensure adequate nutrition and growth.

Signs of Infection in Newborns

Symptoms including lethargy, poor feeding, and temperature instability that may indicate infection.

Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)

A condition in premature infants where the lungs cannot provide enough oxygen.

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD)

A chronic lung disease commonly affecting premature infants, causing inflammation and scarring of lungs.

Normal Cytology

A standard cellular structure found in healthy tissues.

Maternal Screening for Substance Use

Assessing pregnant women for drug and alcohol use to intervene early and reduce risks.

Virus TORCH Panel

A group of tests screening for infections that can affect fetal development.

Antibiotics

Medications used to treat bacterial infections, often administered to newborns with suspected infections.

Standard Precautions

Infection control practices used to prevent the spread of infections in healthcare settings.

Weight Gain Monitoring

Tracking an infant's weight to assess health and nutrition status.

Public Health Implications of Substance Abuse

The broader socio-economic consequences of substance abuse trends within populations.

Developmental Delays

A lag in physical, cognitive, or emotional development compared to expected milestones.

Hyperactivity in Infants

An increased level of bodily movement or energy, often associated with withdrawal symptoms.